재무분석가 장기예측 결정요인: 이익의 지속성을 중심으로
The Determinants of Analysts’ Long-term Earnings Forecasts: Focusing on Earnings Persistence
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 당기 이익이 미래 기간에도 지속되는 정도를 의미하는 이익의 지속성이 재무분석가 장기이익예측에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 기업에 대한 재무분석가의 장기예측은 높은 수준의 분석기술과 정보력을 요구하기 때문에 경험이 풍부하고 유능한 재무분석가에 의해 수행된다. 재무분석가의 미래 예측 정보는 투자자의 장기투자의사결정에 유용한 정보로 이용되고, 자본시장에서 효율적 자원 배분에 긍정적 역할을 수행할 것이다. 재무분석가는 기업이 공시하는 회계정보를 근거로 당기 및 미래를 예측하는데, 회계이익의 지속성이 높으면 재무분석가는 보다 정확한 이익예측을 할 수 있다. 재무분석가의 장기예측치는 기업의 지속적인 이익에 대한 기대치를 반영하기 때문에, 이익지속성이 높으면 재무분석가의 장기 예측정보의 빈도가 증가하고 예측정확성도 높을 것으로 예상된다. 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이익의 지속성이 높은 기업에 대해 재무분석가들은 장기예측치 제공 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 이익의 지속성이 높은 기업에 대해 재무분석가들은 정확성이 높은 장기예측치를 제공하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이익지속성이 높은 기업은 재무분석가들 간에 예측치에 대한 합의(consensus)가 높았으며, 재무분석가의 최초 예측치와 최종 예측치 간의 차이가 작은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 정보중개인 역할을 하는 재무분석가의 정보환경 측면에서 미래에 대한 예측 활동의 동기를 살펴보았다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 그동안 저평가되어온 재무분석가의 장기 예측정보에 대해 기업의 이익지속성에 따라 제고해 보는 실증결과를 제공하였다는 점에서 공헌점을 갖는다. 재무분석가의 장기예측치는 자본시장에서 기업의 미래 이익에 대한 기대치를 형성하는 정보로서, 시장참여자들에게 기업의 가치평가 및 장기 투자의결정에 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of earnings persistence, a notion of the degree to which current earnings persist over future periods, on analysts’long-term earnings forecasts. Since long-term earnings forecasts require a higher level of analysts’analytical skills and intelligence, more experienced and capable analysts are more likely to provide long-term earnings forecasts. Analysts’ long-term earnings forecasts would be a useful information to investors in their long-term investment decision, which plays a significant role in efficient resource allocation in the capital market. As analysts predict current or future earnings based on accounting information, we expect that analysts are likely to issue more accurate long-term earnings forecasts for the firms with higher earnings persistence. Given that earnings forecasts reflect expectations on more persistent earnings, we posit that higher earnings persistence is related to more frequent issuance of long-term forecasts and more accurate forecasts of long-term earnings. As expected, we find that analysts are more likely to provide long-term earnings forecasts about firms with higher earnings persistence, and also find that analysts are likely to provide more accurate long-term earnings forecasts about firms with higher earnings persistence. In addition, we show that forecasts consensus of long-term earnings are higher for firms with higher earnings persistence, and also show that the gap between the initial and the final forecasts of long-term earnings is smaller for firms with higher earnings persistence. This study contributes to the extant literature of accounting and finance by providing evidence that earnings persistence is a significant determinant of analysts’ forecast behavior of long-term earnings. This implies that analysts incorporate the degree of earnings persistence when they decide whether to issue long-term earnings forecasts. More importantly, this study may lead many capital market participants to focus on earnings persistence as a crucial earnings quality with regards to long-term earnings forecasts.
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