A Study on Cooperative Policing in KOREA and Management of PRIVATE SECURITY Manpower through Application of CPTED

Abstract

We are living in a dangerous society. Crimes become more intelligent, violent and expansive, which increases anxiety of the citizens. The states are responsible for suggesting effective alternatives to prevent crimes. In Korea, the police has taken the lead in making plenty of efforts to eliminate possibility of crimes based on Situational Crime Prevention Theory and especially, monitoring of CCTVs applying Crime Prevention through Environmental Design(CPTED), urban development and purification of harmful environment have been implemented in mutual cooperation between local municipalities and the police. The surveillance system intended by the police in the past has become ineffective and thus, convergent approach needs to be made with natural surveillance through CPTED and, to run this system, cooperative policing between local residents and the police. Crime prevention has inherent limitation that it cannot be accomplished with public security alone, which requires proper operation of crime-monitoring in the private sector. Academic circles have highlighted the importance of private security as a partner for cooperative policing and active discussions have been made to realize it. Nonetheless, although various forms of cooperative policing have been implemented in Korea to make up for shortage of police force, actual outcome seems still marginal. In order to strengthen the efficiency of crime surveillance by CPTED, cooperative policing is deemed to be vital and, for this, active participation from local residents is essential. That is, in order to minimize the possibility of crime outbreak, active participation of local residents is crucial based in improvement of physical environments. Many nations are experiencing restrictions in budget and manpower for the prevention of crimes, and efforts are continuously being made by the police and academic circles to apply more effective crime prevention techniques. Crime prevention involves limitation that it cannot be perfectly accomplished with public security alone, which necessitates active anti-crime workings of the private sector. The surveillance system intended by the police in the past has become ineffective and, hence, convergent approach needs to be made with natural surveillance through CPTED and, to run this system, cooperative policing between local residents and the police. In line with this trend, it is necessary to change methods of manpower management to maximize participation of private sector out of crime-suppressing attitude centering on existing public security and to suggest a new paradigm for private security to enhance participation of local residents. For this purpose, systematic grounds need to be made to secure private security manpower through participation of local residents and it is also required to actively increase the number of professional local security guards with the appropriate status and authority of legal safeguards.