Electrical properties of Fe doped Ni-Mn-Co-O cubic spinel nanopowders for temperature sensors
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A sol-gel combustion process was used to synthesize Fe0.48Ni0.3Mn1.32Co0.9O4 (FNMC) nanopowders, which exhibited propertiessuitable for negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors. The chemical composition of the synthesized FNMC powderafter calcination was within the expected values. Thermal analysis of the sol-gel synthesized nanopowders indicated thatresidual nitrate compounds volatilized and crystallization occurred during calcination. The influence of different calcinationtemperatures on the crystal structure of FNMC was investigated. A single-phase cubic spinel structure with improvedcrystallinity was observed after calcination at 1073 K. As expected, an increase in grain size up to 80 nm was observed withincreasing calcination temperature. Elements such as Fe, Ni, Mn and Co were homogeneously distributed in both sol-gelsynthesized nanopowders and calcined powders. Dense pellets of FNMC nanopowder were sintered at 1473 K in order toevaluate electrical properties. The electrical resistance (ρ20) and B-value (B20/80) were 0.36 kΩ and 3265 K, respectively, whichare desirable values for an NTC thermistor. These results suggest that FNMC nanopowders show relatively stable electricalreliability because of the uniform microstructure and single-phase cubic spinel structure, making these nanopowders a suitablecandidate for NTC thermistor materials.
Abstract
A sol-gel combustion process was used to synthesize Fe0.48Ni0.3Mn1.32Co0.9O4 (FNMC) nanopowders, which exhibited propertiessuitable for negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors. The chemical composition of the synthesized FNMC powderafter calcination was within the expected values. Thermal analysis of the sol-gel synthesized nanopowders indicated thatresidual nitrate compounds volatilized and crystallization occurred during calcination. The influence of different calcinationtemperatures on the crystal structure of FNMC was investigated. A single-phase cubic spinel structure with improvedcrystallinity was observed after calcination at 1073 K. As expected, an increase in grain size up to 80 nm was observed withincreasing calcination temperature. Elements such as Fe, Ni, Mn and Co were homogeneously distributed in both sol-gelsynthesized nanopowders and calcined powders. Dense pellets of FNMC nanopowder were sintered at 1473 K in order toevaluate electrical properties. The electrical resistance (ρ20) and B-value (B20/80) were 0.36 kΩ and 3265 K, respectively, whichare desirable values for an NTC thermistor. These results suggest that FNMC nanopowders show relatively stable electricalreliability because of the uniform microstructure and single-phase cubic spinel structure, making these nanopowders a suitablecandidate for NTC thermistor materials.
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