Synthesis and analysis of the influence of Eu3+ on the structural, ferromagnetic, dielectric and conductive characteristics of Ni0.4Zn0.45Cu0.15Fe(2-x)EuxO4 composites using conventional double sintering ceramic method
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Conventional double sintering ceramic method has been followed to prepare a series of Eu substituted Ni0.4Zn0.45Cu0.15Fe(2-x) EuxO4 (NZCFEO) ferrites with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.07, 0.10, 0.12, 0.15. X-ray diffraction peaks confirm the single phase cubic spinel structures of all the samples. The lattice parameter is found to be distorted with the addition of Eu into the samples. X-ray density and bulk density increase with the increase of Eu content. Better crystallization has been obtained with the decreasing porosity as a result of increasing Eu3+ concentration. The dielectric constant of the samples shows a decreasing trend while both AC and DC resistivities are observed to increase with the increase of Eu3+ concentration. The high resistivity offers greater value of the activation energy. Permeability is found to decrease with increasing Eu content. Saturation magnetization changed significantly with Eu3+ concentration. Noteworthy decrease of the Curie temperature is observed with the addition of Eu substituent.
Abstract
Conventional double sintering ceramic method has been followed to prepare a series of Eu substituted Ni0.4Zn0.45Cu0.15Fe(2-x) EuxO4 (NZCFEO) ferrites with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.07, 0.10, 0.12, 0.15. X-ray diffraction peaks confirm the single phase cubic spinel structures of all the samples. The lattice parameter is found to be distorted with the addition of Eu into the samples. X-ray density and bulk density increase with the increase of Eu content. Better crystallization has been obtained with the decreasing porosity as a result of increasing Eu3+ concentration. The dielectric constant of the samples shows a decreasing trend while both AC and DC resistivities are observed to increase with the increase of Eu3+ concentration. The high resistivity offers greater value of the activation energy. Permeability is found to decrease with increasing Eu content. Saturation magnetization changed significantly with Eu3+ concentration. Noteworthy decrease of the Curie temperature is observed with the addition of Eu substituent.
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