부여 무량사 소조아미타여래삼존좌상의 소조토 제작기법 및 보존 방안

Abstract

The Treasure No. 1565, The Clay Seated Amitabha Buddha Triad in Muryangsa Temple, Buyeo, Korea, which was created in the 1633 by monk Hyun-jin, has been subjected to a safety diagnosis and restoration in 2010. However, it has been observed that new cracks have appeared on the surface of the statue. In particular, the rear surface of the Amitabha Buddha statue, one of the main statues, is severely damaged due to a large structural crack and gold layer detachment. This is believed to be mainly caused by the difference in material properties between the restoration materials used and the existing original clay. Comprehensive research is required, including literature research on the manufacturing technique of the clay buddha statues, scientific analysis of the preservation status, and reinforcement of the structure, in order to perform clay-filling and structural reinforcement on the damaged areas of the statue. Additionally, it is necessary to consider methods for strengthening the restoration materials and fillers to withstand the load of the large clay statue. Therefore, this study aims to establish and secure fundamental data for preservation measures by clarifying the manufacturing technique based on the scientific analysis of the clay used in The Clay Seated Amitabha Buddha Triad in Muryangsa Temple. As a result of the scientific analysis of the clay used in The Clay Seated Amitabha Buddha Triad in Muryangsa Temple, it was found that the clay contains alkaline feldspar, quartz, mica group minerals, and kaolin minerals, and that mulberry fibers and straw grass were added as additives. In addition, it was confirmed that the outermost layer of the clay stratum has a higher clay mineral content than the deep layer, indicating a difference in the soil selection process for each layer. Through the investigation of fillers used in the conservation treatment of temple murals, it was found that seaweed glue has been widely used since the 2010s as a binder for yellow clay, silt, straw grass, or burlap. It is expected that this filler can also be used as a clay-filling material, and if the conservation filler used for temple mural conservation is mixed with the filling material based on the results of this study, a long-term preservation measure that can suppress the separation of existing clay and filling materials and strengthen the load capacity can be established.