특허 가치에 따른 기업의 특허 심사 청구 시기 분석
A Study of the Effects of Patent Value on the Timing of Patent Examination Requests
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특허 심사 청구 제도의 취지와 달리 기업들이 낮은 가치를 지닌 출원 특허의 심사를 의도적으로 연기할 가능성이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 기업의 특허 심사 청구 시기에 특허 가치가 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위해 특허 가치 지표들로 특허 개발에 참여한 발명가 수, 패밀리 특허 보유 그리고 심사 청구항 수를 제시한다. 195개 한국 제약 기업이 1990년부터 2012년까지 한국에 출원한 특허들을 대상으로 실증 분석한 결과 출원 특허 개발에 참여한 발명가가 많을수록 그리고 출원 특허가 패밀리 특허를 보유한 경우 해당 특허는 빠르게 심사 청구되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 출원 특허의 심사 청구항 수는 특허 심사 청구 시기를 늦추는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 실증 분석 결과는 가치가 떨어지는 특허의 의도적인 심사 청구 지연을 막을 정책의 필요성과 기업의 특허 모니터링과 관련된 실무적 시사점을 제시한다.
Abstract
The patent examination request system was introduced to reduce economic and social costs due to indiscriminate patent applications. But the system can reduce lower social welfare by combining with the strategic examination delay of filing firms. This study suggests that the value of filed patents affects the timing of firms’ examination requests and presents four indicators of patent value: the number of inventors, the possession of family patents and the number of claims. Using data from Korean pharmaceutical firms, the empirical results show that the number of inventors and patent family are related to early requests for examination. However, the number of claims delays the timing of requests for examination. The findings suggest the necessity of policies to stop late examination requests of patent with low value and practical implications to help firms’ patent monitoring.
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