장편동화에 나타난 도깨비 캐릭터 연구

Abstract

‘Dokkaebi’ is one of the main characters frequently appearing in the folktale and regarded as one familiar and unique character to children along with a tiger. In this paper, three works in which the imagination of fairy tales runs free through dokkaebi are selected to investigate ‘character of dokkaebi’. In 『Palpundolyine three brothers』(Hyunamsa, 1991) written by Kwon,Jeong Saeng with the background of issues of division and reunification in Korea urgently changing from 1987 to 1991, the character of outrageous and humorous dokkaebi is shown as expected in the name of title. However, as history and reality of our nation was emphasized, the character of totjebi was lively and rebellious as he went over barbed-wire entanglements, but was reduced to the appearance of assistant who broke his heart to see poor neighbors unhappy. 『Baby dokkaebi and otto empire』(Woongjin, 1991) showed the change of human world which fought against the machine civilization using the imagination of SF 20 years ago. The character of watery dokkaebi had significant meaning as the pioneer in light of the flow of recent children and youth literature. Baby dokkaebi, lulu, had interesting character with little and cute appearance of greenish naked body and ability to change the weight as he wanted. However, lulu that was the spirit of the nature beat the otto empire with its own power to show the hostile relations. Thus, the imagination of SF about science, technology and future society was not expanded, which is the disappointing point. In 『saemmaeul mongdangkkaebi』(Changbi 1999) written by Hwang,Seon Mi, the character of dokkaebi that loved the human being was shown. In addition, as mongdangkkaebi selected the death and became one body with a ginkgo tree symbolizing the nature, the theme of winwin and resurrection was implemented to show the character of martyr bearing all hardships and transcendental dokkaebi. Three dokkaebi appearing in full length fairy tale as main character did not give off the charms and spells of non-human type character. The reason was that the characteristic of dokkaebi that was demigod showed only that they were kindhearted and had a strong sense of justice in terms of size of character and issue of mythical and strange character. In light of common sense or conventional wisdom in which it kept the purity of children to remove the desire in fairy tale or children’s literature, dokkaebi which was non-human and free was personified into a child, which showed the limitation as a main character to lead the full fairy tale. Second, unconsciousness of writers who wanted to correctly deliver important issues to children readers was consistently revealed. As ‘critical message’ to give the right understanding to readers against the distorted society and conventional ideas was clearly emerging,adventure story of dokkaebi in a strange world out of the constraints of reality was limited to make the correct world which writers thought. Dangerous ‘reality’ stressed in the work, which was ‘problematicsituation’ needs to be adjusted into ‘his field of action’ showing remarkable activities of dokkaebi. If so, the fantasy which unusual and supernatural event in which humans encounter dokkaebi in living space gives can meet the ‘unrealistic’ imagination to properly develop the ever-changing dokkaebi.