일제강점기 유치원 보모와 유년문학의 성장

Abstract

Since the 1920s before the concept of early childhood was established in children’s literature, the kindergartens as educational institutes for young children have achieved the prosperous development. As there were not many early childhood literatures that could be read for young children at that time, the kindergartners might create literary works for young children. As most of the released works are the one-time special works, it is very much limited to closely analyze the world of works by kindergartners. The published works by clearly revealing the status of kindergartner in newspaper or magazines include 「One-Person One-Episode Children’s Story」 of 『The Chosun Ilbo』 in 1929, 「Special Kindergarten Children’s Story」 of 『Boy』 in 1940, and 「Special Kindergarten Children’s Story」 of 『Child Life』 in 1941. The characteristics are as follows. First, as there were many works in the form of translation and reproduction that could be shown in the beginning stage of creating works, they were highly related to the existing works translated or reproduced by writers of children’s literature. Second, on top of directly delivering didactic messages related to sympathy or filial love instead of expressive techniques with literary value, the ethnicity was also shown by using materials of traditional fairy tales. Third, the cruel contents were purified by cognizing the subject of young children. For young children who could not read letters, the orally-narrated description method was used. Kindergartners were many works in the form of translation and reproduction, created works, showed the kindergartners’ efforts to establish the genre of early childhood literature by expressing each work into different names of genre. As time passed, the changed growth of kindergartners into writers of early childhood literature was verified.