Loss Analysis by Impeller Blade Angle in the S-Curve Region of Low Specific Speed Pump Turbine
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A pump turbine is a technically matured option for energy production and storage systems. At the off-design operatingrange, the pump turbine succumbed to flow instabilities, which correlated with the pump turbine geometry. A low specific speed pumpturbine was designed and modified according to the impeller blade angle. Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes is carried out with a shearstress transport turbulence model to evaluate the detailed flow characteristics in the pump turbine. The impeller blade inlet angle (β1)and outlet angle (β2) are used to evaluate hydraulic loss in the pump turbine. When β1 changed from low to high value, the maximumefficiency is increased by 4.75% in turbine mode. The S-Curve inclination is reduced by 8% and 42% for changes in β1 and β2 from lowto high values, respectively. At α = 21°, the shock loss coefficient (ζs) is reduced by 16% and 19% with increases of β1 and β2 from lowto high values, respectively. When β1 and β2 values increased from low to high, the impeller friction coefficient (ζf) increased anddecreased by 20% and 8%, respectively. Hence, the high β2 effectively reduced the loss coefficient and S-Curve inclination.
Abstract
A pump turbine is a technically matured option for energy production and storage systems. At the off-design operatingrange, the pump turbine succumbed to flow instabilities, which correlated with the pump turbine geometry. A low specific speed pumpturbine was designed and modified according to the impeller blade angle. Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes is carried out with a shearstress transport turbulence model to evaluate the detailed flow characteristics in the pump turbine. The impeller blade inlet angle (β1)and outlet angle (β2) are used to evaluate hydraulic loss in the pump turbine. When β1 changed from low to high value, the maximumefficiency is increased by 4.75% in turbine mode. The S-Curve inclination is reduced by 8% and 42% for changes in β1 and β2 from lowto high values, respectively. At α = 21°, the shock loss coefficient (ζs) is reduced by 16% and 19% with increases of β1 and β2 from lowto high values, respectively. When β1 and β2 values increased from low to high, the impeller friction coefficient (ζf) increased anddecreased by 20% and 8%, respectively. Hence, the high β2 effectively reduced the loss coefficient and S-Curve inclination.
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