본풀이의 ‘경쟁 화소’와 ‘일월조정 화소’에 나타난 자원에 대한 인식과 분배 방식 연구 - '천지왕본풀이', '할망본풀이', '마누라본풀이'를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study attempts a modern reinterpretation of the Rivalry motifs and the Adjusting numbers of Sun and Moon motifs appeared in Jeju island myths. Especially, I focused on the myths <Chonjiwang- bonpuri>, <Halmang-bonpuri> and <Manura-bonpuri> that have the above motifs. The Rivalry motifs are found in the competitions between agents to get a certain God’s status or to gain the upper hand. The competition of getting a certain God’s status means that people want to take something like resources and the competition of gaining the upper hand means the conflicts for their leadership between people. That is, these situations are metaphors for the various conditions of human society where occurred with an acquisition and distribution of resources. Firstly, I discuss ‘Who can get the better thing?’ in chapter 2 section 1 focusing on <Chonjiwang-bonpuri>. And I show the reason why ‘this world’ is better than ‘the next world’, then I prove that these worlds’ features are related to the acts of agents in the story. Secondly, I argue that ‘Who can get the thing?’ in chapter 2 section 2 with <Halmang-bonpuri>. Here, the competition of agents is zoomed in on ‘the qualification requirement of the resource owner’ than ‘the worth of resource’ which they want to get. Therefore, the problem of the unjust distribution of resources in <Chonjiwang-bonpuri> is solved properly in <Halmang-bonpuri>. But <Halmang-bonpuri> also emphasizes the necessity for coexistence, bringing up a problem of an unavoidable imbalance to be generated although the resources are distributed reasonably to each agents in <Halmang-bonpuri>. Thirdly, I discuss ‘What the one who has can occupy the upper?’ in chapter 2 section 3 focusing on <Manura-bonpuri>. Here, the conflict between god and goddess who each has opposite function means competition between the resource owners who have different purposes in human society. And the process of their reconciliation shows what kind of virtues should we consider for the solution of the conflict. Meanwhile, ‘the Adjusting numbers of Sun and Moon motifs’ in <Chonjiwang-bonpuri> implies excessive situation of resources. The sun and moon mean a kind of ‘public goods’ which can’t be objects of acquisition and do not have a rivalry and excludability of private goods as general resources. Although ‘public goods’ do not belong to anyone, they can benefit everyone. So ironically, it is difficult to solve it promptly when a problem occurs using them. And ‘The Adjusting numbers of Sun and Moon motifs’ of bonpuri can be interpreted newly because it suggests an issue about our environmental problems caused in the excessive and lacking situation of resources. Finally these motifs of the stories show the important of balance for our coexistence.