장월중선이 전승한 열사가의 의미

Abstract

“Yŏlsaga” 烈士歌 composed by Pak Tong-sil 朴東実 in 1945 right after the Liberation, is a ch’angjak p’ansori 創作판소리 about various patriots who fought against the Japanese colonialism. Chang Wŏljung-sŏn 張月中仙, a student of Pak Tong-sil, had learned “Simch’ŏngga” 沈清歌 and “Ch’unhyangga” 春香歌 from him for about 4 years since when she was 13 years old. Although Pak Tong-sil’s “Yŏlsaga” is well known up until now, the version of “Yŏlsaga” that Chang Wŏljung-sŏn inherited has not been studied in depth. This study is intended to examine the background in which Chang Wŏljung-sŏn learned “Yŏlsaga” and the recorded “Yŏlsaga” by Chang Wŏljung-sŏn. Chang Wŏljung-sŏn was a prodigy from her childhood. She was quick at learning and could remember so well what she learned that she played a role of recorder while Pak Tong-sil was composing. When Chang Wŏljung-sŏn was learning from him, Pak Tong-sil was composing “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” 柳寛順 烈士歌. It is not difficult to guess that Chang Wŏljung-sŏn participated in the process of Pak Tong-sil making the song. Therefore, Chang Wŏljung-sŏn’s “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” has its significance as an original. “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” is the longest p’ansori among the others. If its length is compared with that of others, it is as 3.5 times long as “Yi Chun Yŏlsaga,” 이준 烈士歌, as 5.8 times long as “An Chung-gŭn Yŏlsaga” 安重根 烈士歌 and as 4.3 times long as “Yun Pong-gil Yŏlsaga.” 尹奉吉 烈士歌 It is presumed that Pak Tong-sil was able to compose such a long p’ansori as “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” thanks to the presence of Chang Wŏljung-sŏn. Pak Tong-sil’s composing process, on the other hand, must also have influenced and motivated Chang Wŏljung-sŏn to compose her own works in her later life. The recorded songs by Chang Wŏljung-sŏn were examined. It turned out that Chang Wŏljung-sŏn’s favorite in her 30’s was “An Chung-gŭn Yŏlsaga.” It is said that she recorded the p’ansori either in the late 1950s or the early 1960s, but none of the copies have survived. The only existing recorded “Yŏlsaga” by Chang Wŏljung-sŏn is “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” which she recorded 2 months before she died. It is found on the CD 1 of Descendents of the Prestigious Family for Kugak 『국악 명문가의 후손들』. It is verified that Chang Wŏljung-sŏn recorded it as she taught “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” to her students, Kim Su-mi and Yi Sŏn-suk, in the years of 1994 and that the record still exists. While it is valuable because it has the 19 parts of “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga,” it’s a bit disappointing that the aniri 아니리 part is missing. It has been 17 years since the Descendents of the Prestigious Family for Kugak was released. It wasn’t intended for sale. Therefore, it’s rarely available to the public. “Yu Kwan-sun Yŏlsaga” records owned by the students of Chang Wŏljung-sŏn, Kim Su-mi and Yi Sŏn-suk, are also personal collection. It is hard for the public to have an access to such materials. Given that, it is required to find a way for the public to share those materials.