일제강점기 정악대회의 성격과 의미

Abstract

The paper looks into the characteristics and meaning of Jeongak contest through its development described in the newspapers published during the Japanese occupation and explores what it pursued. Jeongak contest was intensively held from the middle of 1920s to the middle of 1930s. From the outside, the contest aimed to overcome the approaching extinction of Jeongak due to the spread of Western music and popular music, but internally, it was for the hosts and sponsors to raise their own expenses. The host organizations included Gyeongseong Women's School of Art, Yeoseong Huibosa, Jungang Gibosa, and Joseon Association of Music in the central region, Gaeseong-Goryeo Yooth Association, Baeyoung School, Ulsan Jeongak Institute, Gongju Jeongak Society, Busan Kindergarten, and Dongailbo Nonsan Office in the provinces. Especially Gyeongseong Women's School of Art, which held Jeongak contests in Gyeongseong, Gaeseong, Daegu, Gimcheon, Wonsan, and Pyongyang in 1927, contributed to the revival of Jeongak by promoting the establishment of the Department of Joseon Music and regularly hosting Jeongak contests to gather operation funds for the school. There were centrally-hosted tours of Jeongak contest held in the provinces, but the local organizations such as Jeongak Society, Jeongak Institute, youth association, and Yukyeong School also organized their own Jeongak contests as public campaigns to promote Jeongak and raise funds. In addition, the contests were held at new theaters, such as Central Young Men's Christian Association Hall, Ulsan Youth Center Hall, Gaeseong Theater, Daegu Joyang Hall, Gaeseong Youth Center Main Hall, Baek Seonhaeng Memorial Hall, Busan Public Hall, and Gongju Geumganggwan. The performers for the Jeongak contest were performers from Joseon Jeongak Jeonseupso, Yiwanggik Aakbu, and Joseon Association of Music, musicians from Ewha Collage, Keijo Imperial University, and Gyeongseong Broadcasting Station, members of Jeongak clubs in the provinces, and Gisaengs from Bongnae Kwonbun and Dongnae Gisaeng Association. The main programs of Jeongak contest were <Yeongsan Hoesang>, <Gajeunhoesang> (a suite of 13 songs), Gagok, Gasa, Sijo, etc. However, the Jeongak contest had diversified with various kinds of performances including Pansori, Jabga, Sanjo, Gayageum Byeongchang, <Seungmu>, <Geommu>, Moodo, <Jultagi>, and Western music in addition to Jeongak. In result, the contest established itself as a comprehensive performance rather than a competition in its original meaning.