韓國石塔의 基壇과 基礎部 築造方式 考察 -신라와 고려석탑의 기초부 축조방식과 목탑의 영향을 중심으로

Abstract

Structures fulfill stylobate in order to sustain the load of the superstructure and protect the construction from the ground. At the same time, weight buildings need to be essential to reinforce bases for keeping the buildings stably from width pressure and vertical load distribution. After liberation, many pagodas were repaired and restored but they didn't endure just 30 years. Their repair and structural safety problems are caused by the lack of understanding about pagoda foundation. A stylobate and foundation of pagoda is an essential consideration for structure sizing and safety. It was borrowed by an post-lintel stylobate, and sub-substructure construction was associated with ancient technique of civil engineering such as mountain fortress construction. The construction of pagoda foundation was started on hardening and heaping of earth(版築工法) technique. of wooden pagoda or wooden architecture. On eastern pagoda site and western pagoda of Mireuksaji, after excavation as square or trapezoid type, certain thickness hardening and heaping of earth was investigated from the lowest part to soil stratum of stylobate. As the western pagoda of Mireuksaji has been verified that the combined aspects of wooden pagoda foundation and wooden-style ground structures adapted as stone, it has been proven to the process of transition from wooden pagoda to stone pagoda. As the midfield wooden-pagoda site and stone pagoda are present in the same temple site on Mireuksaji, we can effectively examine the aspects of foundation of wooden and stone pagoda. The stone pagoda since Mireuksaji formed main stream, but also wooden pagoda was built steadily through Korea dynasty. It sought a diversity of aesthetic unified Silla, at the same time some isn't able to overlook the impact of China. In Yo and Song dynasty, A large high-rise wooden pagoda fashioned with brick pagoda that formed the main stream previously. Considering the close mutual exchange Buddhism between early Korea dynasty and China, Korea would accepted the influence of China wooden pagoda style partly. With establishing Korea dynasty, wooden pagoda erecting was assured by constructing records of 10 temple in Gaegyeong and through pagoda repair records in history books. Beopjusa Temple Psalsangjeon shows that wooden pagoda construction lasted to Chosun dynasty. The common application of wooden architecture hardening and heaping of earth at stone pagoda is the result that consider the load handling of weight architecture and the ancients' awareness for wooden building adaptation on stone pagoda. The construction of stone pagoda foundation was investigated as 판 fill-up and digging ground technique, and various transform methods based on hardening and heaping of earth were confirmed. In construction of foundation on Korean-style stone pagoda, the correlation between region and topography didn't appear. It revealed pagoda building engineers used the materials that can obtain easily around. Also their creative impulse effected when they made pagoda sometimes.