통도사 영산전 벽화에 사용된 녹색안료 특징- 뇌록과 아타카마이트를 중심으로

Abstract

Noerok is one of the few pigments which is produced in Korea. It received its name from the place where it was originally produced, Noeseongsan Pohang. Evidence of this can be seen in ancient written records which show the use of Noreok. As a pigment it is rarely seen in general painting, but it is used as one of the shades of green for underpainting used in murals or used for painting traditional Korean art(Dancheong). On the other hand, Seokrok is a colorant which is often used in the production of Buddhist art or Dancheong, because it can be expressed in various brightness according to the classification of granularity, and is often colored with Malachite (CuCO3·Cu (OH)2) as an ore. The subject of this study is about the green pigment which was used as the underpainting in the painting Gyeonbotapumdo and the mural Pobyeokwa of Tongdo Temple’s Yeongsanjeon and the Seokrok which was used on the hair, halo and the wrinkles on the clothes of Bodhisattva. However, the green used here was visually similar to that of almost malachite Seokrok, but it was revealed in a previous survey that it comes from a mineral called Atacamite (Cu2Cl (OH)3), which is not the Seokrok of the commonly used malachite. Noerok, which is no longer in production, has recently become more popular because of the registration of natural monuments in the Noerok Mountain area and the recent discovery of a large number of Noerok in the Pohang Blue Valley National Industrial Complex. Therefore, the possibility of using Noerok in the preservation of actual cultural properties can occur. In thisstudy. It was found through analysis that Noelok was made of Celadonite as a raw material and when compared with the sample painted by Noeseongsan Noerok at Yeongsanjeon site, it was confirmed that there was almost no difference from the Noerok color. However, the Noerok colors used for Pobyeokwa and Gyeonbotapumdo underpainting are different from the Noerok colors seen in Dancheong. Yeongsanjeon. The green color used in the murals is not the Noerok color but the most typical malachite. Seokrok is used when the color characteristics and color of the colored surface are observed. According to the analysis, copper (Cu) and chlorine (Cl) Atacamite were proven to be used. Atacamite is often found in copper corrosion of artifacts. This is caused by exposure to chloride ions for a long time in the preservation environment. From this copper corrosion can be collected and used sufficiently as pigment. Therefore, it can be assumed that artificial copper corrosion was taken instead of Seokrok, which was expensive at the time, but microscopic photographs of the actual artifacts show the stepwise use from fine particles to coarse particles. It is not possible to divide these steps by particle size. As mentioned above, both Malachite and Atacamite are fundamentally similar to the oxidation and degradation processes of coloring as oxides of copper. However, if we compare the deteriorated color of Atacamite and the artificially deteriorated Malachite seen in artifacts, we can see that Atacamite is relatively stronger in color with higher saturation than particle size