보육과 여성: 어린이집 교사들의 보육에 대한 이해
Korean child care teachers' gendered conceptualization of child care work
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초록
본 연구는 전통적으로 여성이 우세한 직업문화 안에서 어린이집 교사들이 그들의 업무를 여성의 일로써 어떻게 개념화하는지 참여자의 관점에서 분석하였다. 심충면접을 통해 자료가 수집되었으며, 질적연구 방법의 하나인 Corbin과 Strauss (2008)의 연속적 비교법 (Constant Comparative Methods) 에 따라 자료 수집과 코딩이 동시에 이루어졌다. 분석 결과, 참여자는 보육업무를 여성의 일로 개념화하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 교사들이 보육 업무를 개념화하는 방식으로는 첫째, 보육을 여성의 일로서 본질주의화, 둘째, 여성문화로서의 관계맺기에 기여하는 보육으로서의 개념화, 셋째, 여성성이 지닌 취약성에 영향을 받는 보육으로서의 비약화로 논의된다. 어린이집 교사들은 성 담론을 포함한 사회에 만연한 다양한 담론을 내재화하고 이를 끊임없이 재구성하는 가운데 보육업무를 이해하고 개념화하며 이를 통해 그들 삶에 의미를 부여하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This study explores how five Korean child care teachers conceptualize their experience of gendered construction of child care work. Data were used from in-depth interviews and email conversations to gain participants' deeper understandings of their work as women's work. Corbin and Strauss's (2008) Constant Comparative Methods were used to collect and interpret the descriptive data. Findings from this qualitative study demonstrate that child care teachers viewed their work as gender appropriate, relational, and influenced by women’s culture. These three categories indicate how child care teachers rationalize their work as gendered, by essentializing themselves as women, by valuing their culture characterized as women's culture, and by stigmatizing women's culture. The participants' justification of their work as women's work demonstrates how they are empowered by constructing and reconstructing the ideas, beliefs, and discourses of gender, women, and child care teachers prevailing in our society. Implications for teacher educators are discussed in terms of applying contemporary feminist and critical theories to early childhood teacher training programs in order to help preservice and inservice teachers make sense of their work and understand the realities of early childhood teachers.
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