유가행파의 유식영상관법

Abstract

In this paper I consider what is typically the practical method of Vijñāptimatra Buddhism. I define it as Image-Based Mindfulness Meditatation(IBMM) that is to observe reflected images(prtibimba) come up to the surface of our mind. There are two kinds of reflected images; the first is the meditative object of discerning(vipaśyana), the second is the meditative object of calming(śamatha) An aspect of IBMM is found in Asnga's works: Yogacarabhumi, Abhidharmasamuccaya, Mahayanasamgraha, and in K'uei Ch's commentary on Ch'eng Wei-shih Lun of Hsuan Tsang, Wonchug's Samdhinirmocana-sutra-bhasya and also in Tson-kha-pa's Lam Rim Chen Mo. The process of IBMM is explained in the Yogacarabhumi. That is the system of five steps; the hearing on Buddha's Teaching, the clear understanding of real things(adhimoksa), the rising of the reflected image(smrti), śamatha and vipaśyana. In Samdhinirmocana-sutra-bhasya, Wonchug sets up that Substance is the thing that Buddha expounded, Image is the consciousness of living things that is about Buddha's teachings. In Lam Rim Chen Mo, Tson-kha-pa defines that Image rising to our mind is not own-character(sva-laksana) but conceptual construction. In this paper, I try to argue for IBMM as follows. Firstly, the clear understanding of real things(adhimoksa) is not the practical step of coming up the selected image as the meditative object. It is only a kind of perceptual knowledge as the previous step of the actual practise. Secondly, the relationship of Substance and its resemble Image is an analogy between the body of human and its function. Thirdly, image as it appear to us is the universal that is regarded as the particular producing an effect in the real.