전해채취에 의한 Gallium의 정제기술
Method for Making High Purity Gallium by Electrowinning
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초록
갈륨은 주로 산화물 반도체용 타겟이나 LED 칩을 만드는 중요한 소재로 사용하고 있는데 아직까지 폐기물로부터 재자원화에 의한 순환량이 매우 낮다. 이로 인해 갈륨을 함유하고 있는 대부분의 폐자원은 해외로 유출되고 원재료는 수입에 의존하고 있다. 따라서 희유금속인 갈륨을 함유하고 있는 저품위 갈륨으로부터 갈륨을 회수하여 고순도화하는 방법을 연구 하였다. 전처리 과정으로스크랩을 미분쇄하여 산으로 침출하였다. 침출액내 인듐은 치환으로 석출시켜 분리한 후 알칼리를 사용하여 갈륨과 아연을 수산화물로 침전시켜 여과 분리하였다. 갈륨과 아연수산화물을 알칼리용액으로 침출시켜 전해액을 제조하였고 전해채취로 갈륨과 아연메탈을 회수하였다. 갈륨과 아연은 진공정제를 통하여 아연을 제거하고 고순도의 갈륨을 회수하였다.
Abstract
Gallium is an important material and is used by industry of oxide semi-conductor and LED chip. However, the most of thegallium-containing waste resources became outflow abroad and the most of which is imported from oversea by following technicalproblem and low circulation rate. In this research, the recovery of high purity Gallium metal from Gallium scrap, whichcontaining about 30% of Gallium, was investigated by using hydro-metallurgical process. As pretreatment, the Gallium scrapwas pulverized and leached by strong acid such as hydro chloric acid. At the leached solution, Indium was separated as anIndium sponge by substitution reaction and then Gallium and Zinc hydroxide separated and filtrated using strong alkaline solutionsuch as sodium hydroxide by precipitation method. Also, Gallium metal and Zinc metal was recovered by electrowinningmethod. To make an electrolytic solution, Gallium and Zinc hydroxide was leached by strong alkaline solution. Finally, Highpurity Gallium metal was recovered by vacuum refining process to remove the Zinc impurity.
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