영성에 기반한 명상상담 모형탐색 -보조국사의 『수심결』을 중심으로

Abstract

The author found a model of meditation counselling based on spirituality in "Susimgyeol" by Jinul and reviewed its meaning and its process. Of course, Jinul did not write it with this point in mind but must have simply expected many people to come out of suffering through enlightenment. However, it seems to me that this might be a process of leading them to enlightenment through meditation and counselling. In this respect the author reinterpreted "Susimgyeol". The outcomes are summarized as follows:First, in the community of psychology, the concept of spiri-tuality is defined in various perspectives: Carl Jung showed a tendency to recognize transcendental spirit or existence of soul, but refused to understand spirituality in the light of religion. In contrast, Maslow did not link spirituality to spiritual being but defined it as peak experience, pure content experienced by man. On the other hand, cognitive behavior therapy, which develops relax techniques and accepts meditation favorably, defines spiri-tuality as instantaneous sati(mindfulness) in practical terms Second, Buddhist understanding of spirituality is synonymous with the nature of Buddha and defines it as the nature universally possessed by all living things, but it is represented in different forms due to different habitual properties and karma and understood as the nature to be experienced through meditation. Third, "Susimgyeol" by Jinul defines spirituality as Gong-Jeog-Yeong-Ji(空寂靈知). That is, it can be understood as emptiness, tranquility, divineness and sati(mindfulness). This spiritual experience is experienced by means of Hwoi-Gwang- Ban-Jo(廻光反照), which is reflective self-awareness gained through Hwadu like "What is this in the end?". Fourth, spiritual experience, a kind of meditation counselling, consists of five stages, which are 'identification of problem → evasion → Hwoi-Gwang-Ban-Jo(廻光反照) → enlightenment → follow-up check. This process can be viewed as a good model of meditation counselling based on spirituality. Fifth, as spiritual experience is accompanied with viewpoints qualitatively different from everyday experience, it encounters unexpected obstacles, which are spiritual. This paper reviewed three obstacles; worldly yearning, evasion & submission and Sa-Ryang-Bun-Byeol(思量分別). This is a process of experiencing original spirituality, the nature of Buddha and original state of mind by polishing the mind, which was understood as a process of meditation counselling to attain peaceful mind and inner insight. However, a future important task is about how this process of meditation counselling should be applied to real scenes. For this purpose, case studies are required.