朝鮮 明宗代의 佛敎中興과 虛應堂 普雨

Abstract

Buddhism, Royal Buddhist trends, politics of the mother of relatives, certificate issuance policy for monks, changes in the temple economy. The problem was more than a personal faith dimension of Queen Munjeong. The main forces that came to power of the Myŏngjong era(戚臣) were trying to solve in cooperation with the Buddhist, about the social problems associated with the increase of people who became monks to avoid the corvee(避役僧). Queen Munjeong was consistent as friendly trend in regency period Buddhism. And as a political solution, she ordered the restoration of Seon(禪)and Kyo(敎) schools. This was the action that was opposed the flow of the Confucian order that was spread throughout society of the Chosŏn(朝鮮). It aroused strong opposition from officials who adored the Confucianism. Nevertheless Queen Munjeong appointed the Bou chief executive and embodied the restoration of Seon and Kyo schools. Bou who was representative of Buddhist based on the strong support of the Queen Munjeong, tried to actively the establishment and expansion of the Buddhism forces. Bou, after he was formally appointed, led enforcement of examination of selecting the elite monk and certificate issuance policy for monks. As a result, many people who became monks in order to avoid the corvee(避役僧) had been guaranteed by identification. They became a legitimate monks. Therefore, piyŏkseung(避役僧) was anxiety element of society had flowed into the system area. It would also mean that the qualities and social status of the monks improved at the time. And The system of the Buddhist community itself came equip. It was more than a level to satisfy the individual Buddhist faith of the Queen Munjeong. Cheoksin(戚臣) behind the Queen of the Myŏngjong era, wanted to position strengthened through the resolution of social problems. Bou was eager to restoration of Buddhism. The establishment of Buddhist Policies were intended to satisfy both needs in Myŏngjong era.