조선 후기 선종사원 완주 송광사 가람구성의 의미

Abstract

Wanju Songgwangsa Temple(完州 松廣寺), which founded in the first half of the 17th century after the Japanese invasion of 1592, is a temple attracted attention not only in Buddhist history but also in the aspect of temple architecture, since it is a Buddhist temple built on a large scale in a new place under the anti-Buddhist policy which has been consistent since the Joseon Dynasty. However, it is true that Songgwangsa Temple is not fully studied in earnest in the temple architects field, since there are little historical records available to know the state of the building composition of founded temple. In this study, first of all, the background of the founding of Songgwangsa Temple, the scale of the temple and the state of the building composition was examined, by the analysis of Songgwangsa beopdang sangcheung hwaju deokrim(松廣寺法堂初創上層化主德林) and other historical records. And it was attempted to find the meaning of the building composition of the Songgwangsa Temple founded in the 17th century. According to those historical records, Songgwangsa Temple was a large scale temple with a total of 32 buildings, which includes 8 Buddha and Bodhisattva halls, and 20 attached hermitages. Songgwangsa Temple was built in honor of the Zen Buddhist temple, but the completed temple was a typical uni-Buddhism temple in the late Joseon period, which had numerous Buddha and Bodhisattva halls. This means that, the conversion to the uni-Buddhism temple in the period of late Joseon dynasty was not the result of recovering the ruined temples due to the war of Japanese invasion, but the new change of the temple architecture in the late Joseon Dynasty, and the Songgwang, founded in the 17th century, has an initial form of the change. In addition, in the previous research on the building arrangement, it was said that until the 17th century, a gate called Jeongmun(正門) was located in front of the main Buddha hall, and the bell tower was arranged in front of the Jeongmun, but in the 18th century the Jeongmun was disappeared and a two-storied pavilion was placed. By the way, it was confirmed that Songgwangsa Temple, which was founded in the 17th century, had a Jeongmun with the form of two-storied pavilion on the front of the main Buddha hall. This also means that Songgwangsa Temple was the beginning of the change of the building arrangement of the Buddhist temple in the late Joseon Dynasty.