이온성액체 기반 비수계 용액에서 용매추출과 전해에 의한 백금족 금속의 분리회수
Selective Recovery of Platinum Group Metals by Solvent Extraction and Electrolysis in Non-aqueous Solution Based on Ionic Liquids
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초록
본 연구에서는 백금족 금속의 분리회수 가능성을 알아보기 위해 백금족 금속 혼합물로부터 이온성액체 기반의 용매에서 백금족금속의 추출과 전해 환원거동을 조사하였다. 촉매조성인 10:1:0.5 M의 비로 PdCl 2 , PtCl 4 , RhCl 3 가 용해되어 있는 혼합액으로부터이온성액체인 [C 4 mim]PF 6 를 이용하여 백금(Pt)을 선택적으로 추출한 후 수계 전해액인 1 M HNO 3 으로 역추출하고 .0.8 V (vs. Pt- QRE)의 전압과 금을 작동전극으로 사용하여 백금을 우선적으로 회수하였다. 잔류하는 팔라듐과 로듐은 [C 4 mim]Cl 용액으로 추출한 다음 비수계 전해법으로 환원회수하였다. 전극물질과 전압에 따른 두 금속의 환원거동을 조사하였으며, 작동전극을 탄소, 금과STS304를 이용하여 각각 팔라듐과 로듐을 순차적으로 회수할 수 있었다.
Abstract
In this study, the extraction and reduction behavior of platinum group metals in a non-aqueous solvent based on ionic liquids was investigated in order to confirm a new extraction technology of platinum group metals. Platinum was selectively extracted using an ionic liquid [C 4 mim]PF 6 from a mixed solution of PdCl 2 , PtCl 4 and RhCl 3 dissolved with concentration ratio of 10:1:0.5 M. After stripping of the metals by 1 M HNO 3 solution, the platinum was preferentially reduced by aqueous electrolysis on gold electrode at –0.8 V (vs. Pt-QRE). The residual palladium and rhodium were transferred to ionic liquid of [C 4 mim]Cl. The metallic palladium and rhodium could be sequentially reduced on gold and STS304 as working electrodes by non-aqueous electrolysis, respectively.
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