타이타늄의 리사이클링 기술 현황
Current Status of Titanium Recycling Technology
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초록
타이타늄은 구조용 금속 중 알루미늄, 철, 마그네슘에 이어서 네 번째로 풍부한 금속이지만, 금속으로의 제련이 어려워 희소금속으로분류되고 있다. 특히 타이타늄의 제련공정은 에너지 다소비형 공정이다. 타이타늄 스크랩으로 잉곳을 제조하면 에너지 소비량과 CO2 발생량을 약 95 %까지 절감할 수 있다. 그러나 스크랩 중의 철분과 산소 등의 불순물을 제거하기 어려워 리사이클링 되는 양은 한정되어 있다. 일반적으로 고품위 타이타늄 스크랩은 순타이타늄 스펀지의 재용해 공정에 투입하여 희석하고, 저품위 스크랩은 페로타이타늄 제조용 원료로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 타이타늄의 리사이클링 기술을 이해하기 위해 타아타늄의 제련기술과 리사이클링 기술에 대하여 고찰하였다.
Abstract
Titanium is the fourth most abundant structural metal, after aluminum, iron, and magnesium. However, it is classified as a ‘rare metals’, because it is difficult to smelt. In particular, the primary titanium production process is highly energy-intensive. Recycling titanium scraps to produce ingots can reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions by approximately 95 %. However, the amount of metal recycled from scrap remains limited of the difficulty in removing impurities such as iron and oxygen from the scrap. Generally, high-grade titanium and its alloy scraps are recycled by dilution with a virgin titanium sponge during the remelting process. Low-grade titanium scrap is recycled to ferrotitanium (cascade recycling). This paper provides an overview of titanium production and recycling processes.
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