일상의 정치(politics of everyday life)를 통한 여성의 임파워먼트
Women`s Empowerment Through Politics of Everyday Life
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본 연구는 3년간 지역여성들이 수행해 온 지방자치단체 예산분석 운동의 사례를 통해 여성들의 집단적 임파워먼트 과정을 분석하고 있다. 본 연구의 결과, 집단적 임파워먼트는 단순히 운동의 참여자들이 운동조직이 내건 운동의 목표나 조직의 이념을 그대로 수용하기 보다는 운동에 참여하는 과정에서 사회의 성원으로서 여성의 역할과 참여의 의미라는 집합적 정체성을 형성하는 과정에서 얻어진다. 분석사례에서 여성들의 집단적 임파워먼트는 지역여성들의 자원이면서, 이러한 자원을 배분하고 때로는 통제하기도 하는 권력기관인 지방자치단체의 자원인 예산과 정책을 둘러싼 갈등과 협상의 과정에서 형성됨을 알 수 있다. 이 때 임파워먼트를 가능하게 하는 중요한 동력은 여성들이 해마다 향상시켜 온 정책분석 능력이라는 전문성임을 보여준다. 본 연구는 이론적으로는 사회운동을 지나치게 사회구조적 측면에서만 설명하는 한계를 보완하려는 시도이며, 실용적인 시사점은 일상의 정치는 공적영역과 사적영역이라는 이분법적인 담론의 지형을 변화시킬 수 있다는 점이다.
Abstract
Analyzing the case gender budget movement performed by local women's organizations, this study aims at exploring women's collective empowerment. In doing so, the study introduces the concept of politics of everyday life as an alternative to the traditional conception of politics and takes collective identity formation and changes in gender policies as measures of empowerment. The study shows that through forming collective identity as local women who are both a social category and active policy actors, they can achieve empowerment to change the conditions of their lives. This study is an effort to fill the limitations in dominant resource mobilization and political process models focusing on the structural factors in explaining emergence, trajectories, outcomes of social movements. In addition, the study would suggest a practical implication that women's collective empowerment experienced through everyday life politics can subvert the distintion between the public and private worlds and influence the policy changes of the local governments.
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