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부부의 긍정적 착각과 결혼만족도: 자기효과와 배우자효과

The Effects of Married Couples' Positive Illusions on Their Marital Satisfaction

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초록

본 연구에서는 결혼초기 부부 140쌍을 대상으로 부부들의 세 가지 긍정적 착각(자기고양편향, 통제착각, 비현실적 낙관주의)이 결혼만족도와 어떤 관계가 있는지를 알아보았다. 특히 APIM(Actor-Partner Interdependent Model)을 적용하여 부부들이 지닌 긍정적 착각이 자신의 결혼만족도 뿐만 아니라, 배우자의 결혼만족도에도 영향을 미치는지를 자기효과(자신의 어떤 측면이나 행동이 자신에게 미치는 효과)와 배우자효과(자신의 어떤 측면이나 행동이 배우자에게 미치는 효과)로 구분하여 알아보았다. 주요 결과로는 첫째, 따뜻함 차원의 자기고양에서는 자기효과와 배우자효과가 모두 나타났다. 즉 남편과 아내 모두 자신이 평균적인 타인들보다 더 따뜻한 사람이라고 생각할수록, 자신과 배우자의 결혼만족도가 높았다. 그러나 남편의 배우자효과가 아내의 배우자효과에 비해 더 크게 나타났다. 둘째, 남편의 통제착각이 클수록 남편자신과 아내의 결혼만족도가 모두 높았지만, 아내의 통제착각은 부부의 결혼만족도에 영향을 주지 않았다. 셋째, 비현실적 낙관주의는 유일하게 남편의 자기효과만 나타났다. 마지막으로 세 가지 긍정적 착각 중 남편의 통제착각과 아내의 자기고양편향이 부부의 결혼만족도에 가장 긍정적 영향을 주고 있었다.

Abstract

The present study was to examine the relationships between three kinds of positive illusions (self-enhancement bias, illusion of control, and unrealistic optimism) and marital satisfaction. The data were collected by administering the questionnaires to 140 married couples. The influence of positive illusions on the marital satisfaction was separated into actor effect and partner effect within the APIM (Actor-Partner Interdependent Model). The actor effect means the impact a person's characteristics has on himself or herself, and the partner effect means the impact a person's characteristics has on his or her spouse. The major results are as follows. First, the warmer married couples consider themselves to be, the higher both their own and their spouses' marital satisfactions were. However, the partner effect of husbands was stronger than that of wives. Second, the stronger the husbands' illusion of control was, the higher both spouses' marital satisfaction was. Meanwhile, wives' illusion of control had little influence on the marital satisfaction of the couples. Third, husbands' actor effect alone was significant in unrealistic optimism. Husbands' marital satisfaction increased as their unrealistic optimism get higher. Among the three positive illusions, finally, were husbands' illusion of control and wives' self-enhancement bias that proved to have the most impact on their marital satisfaction.

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