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문화성향, 자기대상화와 성적 객체화된 여성에 대한 암묵적 태도

Cultural disposition, self-objectification and implicit attitude toward sexualized females

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한국여성심리학회 (The Korean Society For Woman Psychology)|2023.03|한국심리학회지:여성 (The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology)|제28권 제1호|pp. 51-69|DOI 10.18205/kpa.2023.28.1.002

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참고문헌

키워드

암묵적 태도문화성향cultural disposition자기대상화비인간화implicit attitudedehumanizationsystem-justificationself-objectification시스템합리화

초록

자기대상화는 여성이 자신 스스로를 활용되는 대상으로 인식하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 2개의 연구를 통해 문화성향(평등성 추구 vs. 권위 추구)이 자기대상화 및 성적 객체화된 여성에 대한 암묵적 태도와 연관되는지를 분석하였다. 연구 1에서는 자기보고식 질문지를 토대로 문화성향, 성차별과 연관된 시스템 합리화경향 및 자기대상화 성향과의 관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과 수직적 집단주의성향이 높을수록 시스템합리화 경향과 자기대상화경향이 높게 나타났다. 반면 수평적 집단주의경향은 시스템합리화경향과 자기대상화경향과 부적 상관관계에 있었다. 연구 2에서는 수평적 또는 수직적 집단주의성향이 성적 객체화된 여성에 대한 암묵적 태도와 관계가 있는지를 분석하기 위해 암묵적 연합검사를 토대로 성적 객체화된 남성 자극 또는 여성 자극이 동물의 속성과 더 수월하게 연관되는 비인간화의 경향이 나타나는지를 비교하였다. 그 결과 연구참가자의 수평적 집단주의성향이 높을수록 성적 객체화된 여성에 대한 암묵적 비인간화가 감소되는 경향이 나타났다. 이 결과는 문화성향이 자기대상화, 시스템 합리화경향 및 성적 객체화된 여성에 대한 암묵적 태도와 연관될 가능성을 시사한다.

Abstract

Self-objectification occurs when women view themselves as objects for use. Two studies investigated whether individual differences in cultural disposition (valuing equality vs. authority) relate to the extent of self-objectification and implicit dehumanization of other sexualized women. Study 1 employed a survey methodology to examine the relationships between cultural disposition, the trait of gender specific system-justification, and the trait of self-objectification. Results showed that participants with greater vertical collectivism (accepting inequality) exhibited stronger system-justification and self-objectification. In contrast, the higher tendency of horizontal collectivism (valuing equality) was negatively associated with system justification and self-objectification. Study 2 tested whether the increasing tendency towards horizontal vs. vertical collectivism was related to implicit dehumanization of other sexualized males and females. To examine the dehumanizing perceptions of objectified men and women, an implicit association test (IAT) was introduced which compared objectified male and female targets in eliciting associations with humans and animals. According to the results, female participants with greater horizontal collectivism reported decreasing scores of implicit dehumanization toward other sexualized women. These findings suggest that individual differences in cultural disposition might be associated with the trait of self-objectification, the extent of rationalizing the gender status and implicit dehumanization toward other objectified females.

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