수형자 자살 위험 선별 척도 개발
Development of a Suicide Risk Screening Scale for Incarcerated Offenders
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본 연구는 우리나라 수형자들의 자살 위험을 예측하고 자살 위험성이 높은 수형자를 선별하여 자살을 사전에 예방하고자 하는 목적으로 이루어졌다. 먼저, 연구 1에서는 우울감, 무망감, 충동성, 자살 및 자해를 차후 자살 위험의 중요 요인으로 보고, 수형자들의 자살 위험을 예측하는 예비척도를 구성하였다. 이항분석을 통해 예비문항을 선정한 후, 예비문항을 재구성하여 ○○교도소와 ○○여자교도소에 수감 중인 수형자 267명(남자 142명, 여자 125명)을 대상으로 재구성된 질문지를 실시, 분석하였다. 연구 2에서는 전국의 수감소에서 자살 위험이 높은 수형자에게 질문지를 추가로 실시하여 396명을 대상으로 본 척도가 자살 위험이 높은 수감자와 그렇지 않은 수감자를 변별해주는 민감도와 특이도를 평가하였다. 요인 분석 결과, 무망감, 충동성, 우울감, 자살 및 자해 요인으로 구성된 총 32문항의 척도가 개발되었다. 개발된 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도도 양호하게 나타났다. 수형자 자살위험 선별 척도의 AUC는 .95로 높게 나타나 본 척도가 수감자의 자살 위험 선별 척도로 유용함을 시사하였다.
Abstract
This study was performed to develop a scale that could predict and screen offenders’ suicidal risk level and prevent their suicide from occurring by using this scale. In the first study, the hopelessness, depression, impulsivity, suicide and self-injury variables were considered essential to the risk of suicide, and the pilot scale was composed with using them. After the pilot items were selected through binomial analysis, 267 offenders(142 males and 125 females) in ○○ women’s correctional institution and ○○ men’s correctional institution participated in the scale development. In the second study, we administered the questionnaire and we examined the sensitivity and specificity to select the offenders who were at a high risk of suicide for a total 396 incarcerated offenders in the country. The results of factor analysis help develop a scale with 32 items that focused on hopelessness, depression, impulsivity, suicide ideation and self-injury. The reliability and validity of the developed scale turned out to be appropriate. The AUC of the suicide risk screening scale was .95. So we suggest that this scale is useful for screening the suicide risk of incarcerated offenders.
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