Text-setting Constraints in English Songs Sung by Native Korean Speakers
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study explores text-setting phenomena in English and Korean children’s songs, asserting that the constraints that regulate the alignment of a specific language to music differ according to the typological and phonological difference of the language. Within the Optimality Theory framework, the two representative constraints that pertain to text-setting are tested with children’s songs in English and Korean. As a result, the metrical constraint critically operates for universal text-setting patterns in English verses, whereas the grouping constraint ranks high for Korean verses. These reversed rankings represent that English follows a stress-to-beat mapping system while Korean versification works at a syllable-to-note mapping system. Based on this difference, this study attempts to observe the text-setting patterns in English children’s songs by native Korean speakers. Through the analysis, it is observed that English versification by native Korean speakers shows different text-setting patterns from the universal patterns by native English speakers. The Korean participants prefer to fulfill the grouping constraint rather than the metrical constraint in English text-setting. In addition, the native phonological grammar also affects English syllabification since vowel epenthesis occurs after an obstruent coda in English lyrics. This nativization process of English verse causes idiosyncratic text-setting form by native Korean speakers. Through the analyses, it is suggested that the relative importance of constraints depends on a specific language, and that the native phonology can affect the versification of a foreign language.
Abstract
This study explores text-setting phenomena in English and Korean children’s songs, asserting that the constraints that regulate the alignment of a specific language to music differ according to the typological and phonological difference of the language. Within the Optimality Theory framework, the two representative constraints that pertain to text-setting are tested with children’s songs in English and Korean. As a result, the metrical constraint critically operates for universal text-setting patterns in English verses, whereas the grouping constraint ranks high for Korean verses. These reversed rankings represent that English follows a stress-to-beat mapping system while Korean versification works at a syllable-to-note mapping system. Based on this difference, this study attempts to observe the text-setting patterns in English children’s songs by native Korean speakers. Through the analysis, it is observed that English versification by native Korean speakers shows different text-setting patterns from the universal patterns by native English speakers. The Korean participants prefer to fulfill the grouping constraint rather than the metrical constraint in English text-setting. In addition, the native phonological grammar also affects English syllabification since vowel epenthesis occurs after an obstruent coda in English lyrics. This nativization process of English verse causes idiosyncratic text-setting form by native Korean speakers. Through the analyses, it is suggested that the relative importance of constraints depends on a specific language, and that the native phonology can affect the versification of a foreign language.
참고문헌 (20)
- Barry, B. R, "Musical Time: the Sense of Order" (1990), Pendragon Press
- Beckman, M, "The Parsing of Prosody", Language and Cognitive Processes, 11, pp.17~67 (1996)
- Beckman, M, "Phonology Yearbook 3", pp.255~309 (1986)
- Dell, F, "Towards a Typology of Toetic Torms: from Language to Metrics and beyond", pp.63~78 (2009), Benjamins
- Halle, J. A, "Grammar of Improvised Textsetting", Doctoral, pp.1999
- Halle, J, "A Generative Text-setting Model", Current Musicology, 55, pp.3~23 (1993)
- Hayes, B, "Towards a Typology of Poetic Forms: from Language to Metrics and beyond", pp.43~62 (2009), Benjamins
- Hayes, B, "The Role of Phonological Phrasing in Sung and Chanted Verse", The Linguistic Review, 13, pp.243~303 (1996)
- Hayes, B, "Quantrain form in English Folk Verse", Language, 74(3), pp.473~507 (1998)
- Jun, S.-A, "The Phonetics and Phonology of Korean Prosody", Doctoral, pp.1993
- Jun, S.-A, "The Accentual Phrase in the Korean Prosodic Hierarchy", Phonology, 15(2), pp.189~226 (1998)
- in Korean: Phonetics, Intonational Phonology, and Sound Change, "Journal of Phonetics", 1998, 93~108
- Kang, Y, "Perceptual Similarity in Loanword Adaptation: English Postvocalic Word-final Stops in Korean", Phonology, 20, pp.219~274 (2003)
- Lerdahl, F, "A Generative Theory of Tonal Music Cambridge" (1983), Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press
- Liberman, M, "The Intonational System of English" (1979), Garland Publishing
- Rodríguez-Vázquez, R, "Text-setting Constraints: A Comparative Perspective", Australian Journal of Linguistics, 30(1), pp.19~34 (2010)
- Pike, K, "intonation of American English" (1945), University of Michigan Press
- Pierrehumbert, J, "Japanese Tone Structure" (1988), MITPress