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우울증에서 방어기제에 따른 유형별 심리학적 특성: 경계성 인격구조 이론과의 시사점

Psychological Characteristics of Each Type According to Defense Mechanisms in Depression: Implications of Borderline Personality Organization Theory

정현석|구본훈|윤석호|김혜금|조소혜|김보람
한국정신분석학회 (Korean Psychoanalytic Society)|2021.10|정신분석 (Psychoanalysis)|제32권 제4호|pp. 142-154|DOI 10.18529/psychoanal.2021.32.4.142

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참고문헌

키워드

Defense mechanismsDepression subtypeBorderline personality organization.

초록

Objectives: In this study, we divided the types of depression, focusing on defense mechanisms based on psychodynamic theory, and then explored the clinical and psychological characteristics of each group. Methods: We recruited 619 patients with depression. Cluster analysis according to defense mechanisms was conducted on each group. Defense mechanisms were rated based on the defense style questionnaire (DSQ). We compared psychological characteristics between the groups using The symptom check- list-90-revised (SCL-90-R), Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), The Minnesota multiphasic per- sonality inventory-2 (MMPI-2), temperament and character inventory (TCI), and personality disorder questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+). Results: DSQ results showed significant differences between the groups. Groups 1 and 2 had high levels of passive aggression, acting out, and omnipotence. Group 1 had higher affiliation and use the most immature defense mechanisms. Group 3 had high- er projective identification and no other defense mechanisms. In SCL-90-R, BDI-II, and BAI, the severity of the symptoms was in the order of Group 1, 2, and 3. In MMPI-2, there were no significant differences between Group 1 and 2, but Group 1 had higher psychopathic deviate, Schizophrenia, and Hypomania. In TCI, Group 1 was the most temperamental, followed by Group 2 and Group 3 was the least temperament. In PDQ-4+, schizoid, schizotypal, antisocial, and borderline personality disorder were higher in Group 1. Conclusion: In the Kernberg’s borderline personality organization, Group 1 is close to the borderline and psychotic personality organization, Group 2 can be termed as borderline and neurotic personality organization. Group 3 can be termed as a neurotic personality organization.

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, we divided the types of depression, focusing on defense mechanisms based on psychodynamic theory, and then explored the clinical and psychological characteristics of each group. Methods: We recruited 619 patients with depression. Cluster analysis according to defense mechanisms was conducted on each group. Defense mechanisms were rated based on the defense style questionnaire (DSQ). We compared psychological characteristics between the groups using The symptom check- list-90-revised (SCL-90-R), Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), The Minnesota multiphasic per- sonality inventory-2 (MMPI-2), temperament and character inventory (TCI), and personality disorder questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+). Results: DSQ results showed significant differences between the groups. Groups 1 and 2 had high levels of passive aggression, acting out, and omnipotence. Group 1 had higher affiliation and use the most immature defense mechanisms. Group 3 had high- er projective identification and no other defense mechanisms. In SCL-90-R, BDI-II, and BAI, the severity of the symptoms was in the order of Group 1, 2, and 3. In MMPI-2, there were no significant differences between Group 1 and 2, but Group 1 had higher psychopathic deviate, Schizophrenia, and Hypomania. In TCI, Group 1 was the most temperamental, followed by Group 2 and Group 3 was the least temperament. In PDQ-4+, schizoid, schizotypal, antisocial, and borderline personality disorder were higher in Group 1. Conclusion: In the Kernberg’s borderline personality organization, Group 1 is close to the borderline and psychotic personality organization, Group 2 can be termed as borderline and neurotic personality organization. Group 3 can be termed as a neurotic personality organization.

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