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Abundant symmetry for higher-order Bernoulli polynomials (I)

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초록

We derive thirty one basic identities of symmetry in three variables related to higher-order Bernoulli polynomials and power sums. This demonstrates that there are abundant identities of symmetry in the three variable case, in contrast to the two variable case, where there are only a few. These are new, since there have been results only about identities of symmetry in two variables. The derivations of identities are based on the p-adic integral expression of the generating function for the higher-order Bernoulli polynomials and the quotient of integrals that can be expressed as the exponential generating function for the power sums.

Abstract

We derive thirty one basic identities of symmetry in three variables related to higher-order Bernoulli polynomials and power sums. This demonstrates that there are abundant identities of symmetry in the three variable case, in contrast to the two variable case, where there are only a few. These are new, since there have been results only about identities of symmetry in two variables. The derivations of identities are based on the p-adic integral expression of the generating function for the higher-order Bernoulli polynomials and the quotient of integrals that can be expressed as the exponential generating function for the power sums.

참고문헌 (9)

  1. E. Deeba, "Stirling’s and Bernoulli numbers", Amer. Math. Monthly, 98, pp.423~426 (1991)
  2. F. T. Howard, "Applications of a recurrence for the Bernoulli numbers", J. Number Theory, 52, pp.157~172 (1995)
  3. D. S. Kim, "Identities of symmetry for Bernoulli polynomials arising from quotients of Volkenborn integrals invariant under S 3"
  4. D. S. Kim, "Abundant symmetry for higher-order Bernoulli polynomials (II)"
  5. T. Kim, "Symmetry p-adic invariant integral on Z p for Bernoulli and Euler polynomials", J. Difference Equ. Appl, 14, pp.1267~1277 (2008)
  6. T. Kim, "Symmetry properties of higher-order Bernoulli polynomials", Adv. Difference Equ, 9, pp.6~ (2009)
  7. W. H. Schikhof, "Ultrametric calculus: An introduction to p-adic analysis" (2006), Cambridge University Press
  8. H. Tuenter, "A symmetry of power sum polynomials and Bernoulli numbers", Amer. Math. Monthly, 108, pp.258~261 (2001)
  9. S. Yang, "An identity of symmetry for the Bernoulli polynomials", Discrete Math, 308, pp.550~554 (2008)

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