자아효능감과 학습동기
self-efficacy and academic motivation
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참고문헌
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초록
본고에서는 현대 학습동기이론에서 가장 많은 주목을 받고, 이론연구가 활발하며, 또한 현장적용도 가장 광범위한 자기효능감이론을 집중적으로 살펴보았다. 먼저 학습동기이론 중에서 자기도식 개념을 적용한 대표적인 이론인 자기효능감이론의 본질에 대한 검토를 특성, 주요과정, 관련 개념, 정보원, 측정, 차원의 위계적 속성을 통해 설명하고 자기효능감의 한 측면인 교사효능감과 집단효능감을 함께 고찰하였다. 그 다음으로 자기효능감의 영향력을 학생과 교사의 측면에서 살펴보고, 마지막으로 Bandura의 자기효능감 정보원을 통해서 증진시킬 수 있는 교육환경 내에서의 실천방안을 학생 측면과 교사 측면에서 제시하였다.
Abstract
During the past two decades, self-efficacy belief, which is an outgrowth of the social cognitive theory of Bandura, has been one of the most prevailing and influential constructs within many domains of modern psychology. In the present article, the self-efficacy belief that has been emerged as a highly effective predictor of students' motivation and learning is investigated in terms of its characteristics, component processes, related concepts, source, measurement, and the hierarchical nature of the construct. Despite the heavy emphasis on task-specific self-efficacy beliefs in the current practice, some researchers' interests in the conceptualization and measurement of general or of context-specific self-efficacy are also discussed in regards to students' learning, teachers' teacher-efficacy, and collective efficacy. Finally, research findings in the improvements of perceived efficacy are summarized, and the directions of future research and ways to enhance self-efficacy beliefs both in students and teachers are also discussed in relation to Korean educational settings.
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