섭식문제가 있는 여대생의 부적응 도식
Maladaptive Schema in Female College Students with Eating Problems
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초록
본 연구에서는 섭식문제가 있는 피험자들을 대상으로 Young(1990)이 제안했던 초기 부적응 도식을 경험적으로 확인해서 섭식문제를 초래케 하는 기저의 원인에 대한 근원적 수정과 변화를 줄 수 있도록 돕고자 하였다. 먼저 450명의 여대생을 대상으로 신경성 식욕부진성향집단(AN), 신경성 식욕항진성향집단(BN), 식이제한을 하는 신경성 식욕항진성향집단(RBN) 그리고 정상집단을 선발하고 각 집단의 부적응 도식을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 정상집단에 비하여 섭식장애 집단의 도식이 더 부적응적인 것으로 나타났으며, 섭식장애 집단에서는 AN집단이나 BN집단에 비해서 RBN집단에서 도식이 더 높은 점수를 보여서 더 부적응적인 것으로 나타났다. 더 자세히 살펴보면, 섭식장애 세 집단에서 불신/학대 도식이 동일하게 부적응적인 것으로 나타난 반면, 유기, 예속/복종, 이 2개 도식은 BN집단에 비하여 AN집단, AN집단에 비하여 RBN집단에서 더 부적응적인 것으로 나타나서(BN<AN<RBN), 이 도식들이 식욕항진성향 보다는 식욕부진성향과 더 관련이 있을 것으로 시사되며, 특히, 예속/복종 도식은 정상집단과 BN집단 간의 유의한 차이를 보이지 않은 것으로 봐서, 식욕부진성향에서 특징적인 도식임을 알 수 있다. 한편 융화/비분리, 정서적 억제, 부족한 자기통제, 이 3개 도식은 통계적으로 유의미하진 않았으나, AN집단에 비하여 BN집단, BN집단에 비하여 RBN집단에서 더 부적응적인 것으로 나타나서(AN<BN<RBN), 이 3개 도식이 식욕부진성향 보다는 식욕항진성향과 더 관련이 있음을 시사하고 있다. 끝으로 섭식문제와 부적응 도식, 심리도식에 대처하는 방식간의 관계성과 본 연구가 시사하는 바와 제한점이 논의되었고, 앞으로의 연구방향이 제시되었다.
Abstract
In this study, we empirically investigated early maladaptive schemas in subjects with eating problems to help identify the underlying origin of such problems. First, we identified groups of subjects having anorexic tendency(AN), bulimic tendency(BN), restricting bulimic tendency(RBN) and normal group from 450 female college students. The results, derived using the Young Schema Questionnaire(YSQ), indicated that the eating disorder groups had higher scores than the normal group did and, among the eating disorder groups, the RBN group had higher scores than did the AN or BN group on YSQ scores. In detail, among the 3 eating disorder groups, there were no significant differences with regard to mistrust/abuse scores. On the other hand, the AN group showed more maladapted scores than the BN group did with regard to abandonment, subjugation, while the RBN group had the most maladapted scores of all in these areas(i.e., BN<AN<RBN). In fact there was no significant difference between the BN group and the normal group with regard to subjugation scores. This suggests such schemas are more closely associated with the AN tendency than with the BN tendency. Though scores pertaining to enmeshment, emotional inhibition and insufficient self-control were more maladapted in BN than AN and most maladapted in RBN(AN<BN<RBN), these differnces were not statistically significant. Nevertheless, this suggests the possibility that these 3 schemas may be more closely associated with the BN tendency than with the AN tendency. We concluded by not only discussing the possible causality between eating disorders and maladaptive schemas, coping style on maladaptive schemas, and limitations of this study but presenting suggestions for future studies.
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