팀 바탕학습에서 의대생의 팀워크와 학습접근방식의 변화
Changes in medical students' teamwork skills and approaches to learning in team-based learning
0
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 의학교육에서 활발히 도입되고 있는 팀 바탕학습이 의대생들의 팀워크 능력과 학습접근방식에 미치는 영향을 살펴 보고 팀 바탕학습을 성공적으로 운영하기 위한 시사점을 도 출해 내고자한다. 이를 위해 D 대학교 의학과 2학년 학생들(N=48)을 대상으로 6주 과정의 블록강의 형식으로 진행된 교과목에서 팀 바탕 학습을 경험하기 전과 후에 팀워크와 학습접근방식의 변화를 조사하기 위한 총 64문항으로 구성된 설문도구를 개발하여 온라인으로 사전-사후 검사를 진행하였다. 본 설문 도구는 팀워크에 대한 문항은 팀 응집력, 팀 효능감, 대인관계의 이해 그리고 의사소통 능력 총 4가지 하위요인으로 구성되었으며, 학습접근방식에 대한 문항은 심층적 학습접근과 표면적 학습접근의 총 2가지 하위요인으로 구성되었다. 최종적으로 42명의 학생들이 본 설문에 참여하였으며 응답률은 87.5%이었다. 팀 바탕학습 수업을 시행한 후 학생들의 팀워크 능력은 팀 효능감과 의사소통 능력 점수는 감소하였고(p < .05), 팀 응집력과 대인관계의 이해는 차이가 없었다. 심층적 학습접근방식과 표면적 학습접근방식은 팀 바탕학습 후 모두 감소하였다(p < .05). 특히 학습전략에서는 심층적, 표면적 접근에서 모두 감소하였고(p < .05) 동기 측면에서는 표면적, 심층적 동기 모두 변화가 없었다. 본 연구는 팀 바탕학습에서 기대했던 팀워크 스킬과 학습접근방식의 증진의 효과를 얻기 위해서는 그러한 학습성과들을 명시적으로 제시하고 보다 적극적인 교육적 개입이 필요함을 시사한다.
Abstract
Team-Based Learning (TBL) is one of popular active learning strategies widely used in medical education. The purpose of this study was to examine whether medical students’ teamwork skills and approaches to learning change over time during TBL, and to provide insights for a successful implementation of TBL. The study participants were 48 2nd-year medical students at D university. A questionnaire was designed and conducted online to assess respondents’ teamwork skills and approaches to learning. The questionnaire comprised 64 items; the items on teamwork skills included four sub-scales which were team cohesiveness, team efficacy, interpersonal understanding, and communication skills. The items on approaches to learning consisted of two sub-scales; deep learning approach and surface learning approach. They questionnaires were implemented in a pre- and post-test format over the six-week period. 42 questionnaires were returned (an 87.5% response rate). At the end of the TBL course, students’ team efficacy and communication skills decreased statistically (p < .05), and there were no changes in their team cohesiveness and interpersonal understanding. Both deep and surface learning approaches decreased significantly (p <.05). This study showed that TBL did not have a significant impact on improving students’ teamwork skills and approaches to learning. Our findings indicate such learning outcomes as teamwork skills and approaches to learning in TBL need to be made explicit and educational interventions need to be offered accordingly to help students achieve these outcomes through TBL.
참고문헌 (69)
- 康順華, "집단상담에서의 언어반응 유형과 관련변인과의 관계 및 효과에 관한 연구 : 상담자 교육에서 마라톤 형태의 집단을 중심으로", 박사, 교육심리학, pp.1994
- 고경이, "협력학습에서 성취동기, 교수학습 질, 학습접근방식, 학습자간 상호작용이 학습성과에 미치는 영향", 석사, pp.2016
- 구현정, "의사소통의 기법" (2005), 박이정
- 권은미, "대학교 팀 프로젝트 학습에서 팀 효능감, 대인관계의 이해, 문제해결의 적극성과 팀 성과 간 상관분석", 석사, 교육공학, pp.2010
- 김문중, "최신조직행동론" (2006), 청목출판사
- 김선, "의학교육 : 이론에서 실제까지" (2008), 아카데미프레스
- 김선, "팀 바탕학습" (2009), 아카데미프레스
- 김승재, "체육과 교육과정의 성격 및 목표 분석 : 제7차 초등학교 교육과정을 중심으로", 교원교육, 21(2), pp.149~157 (2005)
- 류수영, "군자적 리더십이 집단 효능감과 집단 응집성에 미치는 영향: 리더에 대한 신뢰의 매개효과 검증", 조직과 인사관리연구, 34(4), pp.29~59 (2010), 한국인사관리학회
- 박귀화, "일개 의과대학 학생들의 개인적 특성에 따른 팀바탕학습 인식도 조사", Korean Journal of Medical Education, 25(2), pp.113~122 (2013), 한국의학교육학회[DOI]
- 백선용, "의학 강의의 질 개선을 위한 동영상 수업 분석 및 그 활용도 연구", Korean Journal of Medical Education, 23(4), pp.263~274 (2011), 한국의학교육학회
- 서지혜, "팀기반학습이 간호대학생의 학습성과에 미치는 효과", 박사, 간호학과 간호학전공, pp.2012
- 시지현, "플립드러닝이 의대생의 학습접근방식에 미치는 영향", 교육방법연구, 29(2), pp.347~370 (2017), 한국교육방법학회[DOI]
- 안덕선, "한국의 의사상: 좋은 의사양성", 의학교육논단, 16(3), pp.119~125 (2014), 연세대학교 의과대학
- 윤우제, "개인의 팀웍 스킬 척도 개발 및 타당화 연구", 석사, 산업심리, pp.2007
- 이영민, "팀기반 학습" (2009), 학지사
- 조아라, "의학교육에서의 효과적인 팀 바탕학습 운영 방안 및 기대효과", Korean Journal of Medical Education, 22(1), pp.47~55 (2010), 한국의학교육학회
- 조형정, "학습과정과 성과개선을 위한 팀 기반 학습의 개념적 탐색", 교육종합연구, 6(2), pp.27~42 (2008), 교육종합연구원
- 채수진, "치위생과 학생들을 대상으로 한 팀기반학습에서 동료평가 결과와 자기주도학습준비도 점수와의 관계 분석", 한국치위생학회지, 9(3), pp.536~544 (2009), 한국치위생학회
- 한재진, "글로벌 의사의 역할과 성과바탕 의학교육", 이화 의학 저널, 36(1), pp.3~8 (2013)
- 허경호, "포괄적 대인 의사소통 능력 척도개발 및 타당성 검증", 한국언론학보, 47(6), pp.380~408 (2003), 한국언론학회
- Baeten, M., "Student-centered learning environments : An investigation into student teachers’ instructional preferences and approaches to learning", Learning Environments Research, 19(1), pp.43~62 (2016)
- Baeten, M., "Using student-centered learning environments to stimulate deep approaches to learning : Factors encouraging or discouraging their effectiveness", Educational Research Review, 5(3), pp.243~260 (2010)
- Baker, D. P., "The role of teamwork in the professional education of physicians : Current status and assessment recommendations", Joint Commission Journal on Quality & Patient Safety, 31(4), pp.185~202 (2005)
- Bandura, A., "Social foundation of thought and action: A social cognitive theory" (1986), Prentice-Hall
- Bandura, A., "Self-efficacy: The exercise of control" (1997), Freeman
- Beatty, S. J., "Team-based learning in therapeutics workshop sessions", American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 73(6), pp.100~ (2009)
- Biggs, J., "What do inventories of students’ learning processes really measure? A theoretical review and clarification", British Journal of Educational Psychology, 63(1), pp.3~19 (1993)
- Biggs, J., "What the student does : Teaching for enhanced learning", Higher Education Research &Development, 18(1), pp.57~75 (1999)
- Biggs, J. B., "Perspectives on thinking, learning, and cognitive styles", pp.73~102 (2001), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- Biggs, J., "The revised two-factor study process questionnaire : R-SPQ-2F", British Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(1), pp.133~149 (2001)
- Bliuc, A. M., "The role of social identification as university student in learning : Relationship between students’ social identity, approaches to learning, and academic achievement", Educational Psychology, 31(5), pp.559~574 (2011)
- 최익선, "한국의학교육의 새로운 과제: 불확실성이 큰 문제상황에 대처하는 능력의 강화", 의학교육논단, 16(3), pp.111~118 (2014), 연세대학교 의과대학
- Derue, D. S., "Efficacy dispersion in teams : Moving beyond agreement and aggregation", Personnel Psychology, 63, pp.1~40 (2010)
- Diseth, Å., "Academic achievement among first semester undergraduate psychology students : The role of course experience, effort, motives and learning strategies", Higher Education, 59(3), pp.335~352 (2010)
- Druskat, V. U., "Learning & performance in short-term project teams", Small Group Research, 31(3), pp.328~353 (2000)
- Epstein, R. M., "Assessment in medical education", New England Journal of Medicine, 356(4), pp.387~396 (2007)
- Fatmi, M., "The effectiveness of team-based learning on learning outcomes in health professions education : BEME Guide No. 30", Medical Teacher, 35(12), pp.1608~1624 (2013)
- Feingold, C. E., "Student perceptions of team learning in nursing education", Journal of Nursing Education, 47(5), pp.214~222 (2008)
- Frank, J. R., "CanMEDS 2015 physician competency framework" (2015), Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
- Grady, S. E., "Team-based learning in pharmacotherapeutics", American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 75(7), pp.136~ (2011)
- Harden, R. M., "Be FAIR to students : Four principles that lead to more effective learning", Medical Teacher, 35(1), pp.27~31 (2013)
- Kember, D., "Examining the multidimensionality of approaches to learning through the development of a revised version of the learning process questionnaire", British Journal of Educational Psychology, 74(2), pp.261~279 (2004)
- Kibble, J., D., "Team-based learning in large enrollment classes", Advances in Physiology Education, 40(4), pp.435~442 (2016)
- Kim, K. -J., "Changes in medical students’ motivation and self-regulated learning : A preliminary study", International Journal of Medical Education, 6, pp.213~215 (2015)
- Koles, P. G., "The impact of team-based learning on medical students’ academic performance", Academic Medicine, 85(11), pp.1739~1745 (2010)
- Kyndt, E., "The direct and indirect effect of motivation for learning on students’ approaches to learning through the perceptions of workload and task complexity", Higher Education Research & Development, 30(2), pp.135~150 (2011)
- Lindsley, D. H., "Efficacy performance spirals : A multilevel perspective", Academy of Management Review, 29(3), pp.645~678 (1995)
- Marshall, L. C., "The relationship between efficacy, teamwork, effort and patient satisfaction", doctoral, pp.2003
- Mattick, K., "Approaches to learning and studying in medical students : Validation of a revised inventory and its relation to student characteristics and performance", Medical Education, 38(5), pp.535~543 (2004)
- McInerney, M. J., "Team-based learning enhances long-term retention and critical thinking in an undergraduate microbial physiology course", Microbiology Education, 4, pp.3~12 (2003)
- Michaelsen, L. K., "Team-based learning: A transformative use of small groups in college teaching" (2004), Stylus
- Nieder, G. L., "Team-based learning in a medical gross anatomy and embryology course", Clinical Anatomy, 18(1), pp.56~63 (2005)
- Nijhuis, J., "Influence of redesigning a learning environment on student perceptions and learning strategies", Learning Environments Research, 8(1), pp.67~93 (2005)
- O’Connell, M. T., "Undergraduate medical education for the 21st century : Leadership and teamwork", Family Medicine, 36(1), pp.51~56 (2004)
- Papa, M. J., "Communicator competence and employee performance with new technology : A case study", Southern Communication Journal, 55(1), pp.87~101 (1989)
- Park, H. R., "Effects of team-based learning on perceived teamwork and academic performance in a health assessment subject", Collegian, 22(3), pp.299~305 (2015)
- Parmelee, D. X., "Medical students’ attitudes about team-based learning in a pre-clinical curriculum", Medical Education Online, 14, pp.1~ (2009)
- Parmelee, D. X., "Team-based learning : A relevant strategy in health professionals’education", Medical Teacher, 34(5), pp.411~413 (2012)
- Parmelee, D., "Team-based learning: A practical guide:AMEE guide no. 65", Medical Teacher, 34(5), pp.275~287 (2012)
- Prober, C. G., "Lecture halls without lectures--a proposal for medical education", New England Journal of Medicine, 366(18), pp.1657~1659 (2012)
- Reimschisel, T., "A systematic review of the published literature on team-based learning in health professions education", Medical Teacher, 39(12), pp.1227~1237 (2017)
- Rubin, R. B., "Interpersonal communication competence:Scale development and test of a self-efficacy model", Paper presented at the meeting of the communication association (1991), GA
- Sibley, J., "Knowledge is no longer enough : Enhancing professional education with team-based learning", New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 116, pp.41~53 (2008)
- Spencer, l J. A., "Learner centred approaches in medical education", The British Medical Journal, 318(7193), pp.1280~1283 (1999)
- Thompson, B. M., "Cohesiveness, team size and team performance in team-based learning team", Medical Education, 49(4), pp.379~385 (2015)
- Thompson, B. M., "Team-based learning at ten medical schools : Two years later", Medical Education, 41(3), pp.250~257 (2007)
- van Schaik, S., "More chickens, fewer eggs? On team‐based learning, team performance and teamwork skills", Medical Education, 49(4), pp.348~350 (2015)
- Watson, W. E., "Member competence, group interaction, and group decision making : A longitudinal study", Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(6), pp.803~809 (1991)
