묵자의 정의관(正義觀)

Abstract

This thesis is a study on the MoTzu’s view of justice in period of Warring States(戰國時代 B.C.475?~221). Mo-tzu(墨子) thinks that seeking profit by individuals or nations is not contrary to morality. Preferably, he insisted the compatibility by re- establishing an inward morality from viewpoint of the pursuit of profit. It was general love and mutual benefit. He established the measure to end the struggles for political power among the nations in the age of Warring States. There were three principle of Justice by him. Mo-tzu(墨子) changed the separate love derived from family units into justice of general love. He acknowledged the struggles among nations as reality. Therefore, he suggested the principle of reciprocality based on general love as a standard for mediation. Justice principle designed by him is represented as such: principle of reciprocity, ownership’s non-aggression, and maximum benefit for minimum beneficiary. Internal essence operating the principle and standards of his Justice is an external pledge as like contract between the ruler and the ruled. And the moral power operating the pledge of quasi-contract is the mutual agreement based on the mutual benefits. That is converted to general love. Futhermore, external rule granting the principle and standards of justice is the manageable authority of political body. That is, the plan of Nature(天志) of Providence(天子). Mo-tzu(墨子) applied the plan of Nature(天志) as final supervisor watching out the rulers of political bodies. This is double authorities. The basis of his Justice principle is based on the philosophy of practicality and logicality.