우울 집단의 얼굴 표정 정서자극에 대한 억제 편향
Inhibition Bias for Facial Emotion in Depression
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초록
본 연구에서는 우울한 사람들은 자신들의 기분과 일치하는 부정적 정보를 억제하는 능력이 저하되어 있음을 얼굴 표정 자극을 사용해 검증하고자 했다. 기존의 우울 집단의 정서 일치적 처리 편향에 관한 연구들은 주로 주의 및 지각, 기억 단계에 관한 것이었는데, 본 연구에서는 우울한 사람들이 부정적인 정보를 더 잘 지각하고 기억하는 현상은 부정적인 정보를 억제하는 것에 어려움을 겪기 때문이라는 가정을 검증하고자 했다. CES-D를 기준으로 대학생 집단 중에 우울 집단 31명, 통제 집단 29명을 선정한 뒤, 중립적 표정의 얼굴 자극을 사용하여 특정 성별 얼굴 자극이 나올 경우 반응하도록 한 ‘성별 반응 억제 과제’와 특정 얼굴 표정 자극이 나올 때 반응을 억제하도록 한 ‘표정 반응 억제 과제’의 두 가지로 구성된 ‘Go/No-Go 과제'를 실시하였다. 그 결과 ‘성별 반응 억제 과제’에서는 우울 집단과 통제 집단이 수행에서 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 ‘표정 반응 억제 과제’에서 기쁜 얼굴표정에 대한 반응을 억제하는 조건에서는 두 집단의 차이가 없었으나, 슬픈 얼굴표정에 대한 반응을 억제하는 조건에서 우울 집단이 통제 집단보다 높은 오경보 오류를 보이는 억제편향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과를 중심으로 본 연구의 의의 및 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of depression and inhibition bias. In the present study, the mood-congruent inhibition bias was measured in the depression group. The depression group (n=31) and the control group (n=29) were recruited from a pool of college students on the basis of the CES-D score. They were given a ‘Go-No/Go task’, which consisted of a ‘gender discrimination task’ and a ‘facial emotion discrimination task’. For 'the gender discrimination task', the subjects were presented with 100 pictures of men or women with neutral facial expressions and they were given instructions to selectively inhibit their response to one gender. For the 'facial emotion task', the subjects were presented with 100 pictures of happy or sad expressions and they were given instructions to selectively inhibit their response to one of the facial emotions. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the depression group and the control group for the rate of hits, false alarm errors and the mean response time on the gender discrimination. However, the depression group made more false alarm errors when they were to inhibit their responses to pictures of sad facial expressions. These results suggest that the depression group has difficulty inhibiting mood-congruent facial emotions, while their ability to inhibit responses to non-emotional faces appears intact.
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