시드기야 왕의 노비 해방과 왕권강화
Emancipation of the king Zedekiah and strengthening of the throne
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이 논문은 고려 광종의 노비 해방 사건을 참조하여 유다의 시드기야 왕이 노비를 해방시킨 동기와 목적이 무엇인지 밝히려는 것이다. 필자는 두 왕들 모두 채무노비 해방이라는 명분 위에 노비를 해방시켰고, 시드기야 왕의 경우 왕권강화라는 요인이 중요한 요인이었음을 밝혔다.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare cases of emancipation involving king Zedekiah in the Hebrew Bible and king Gwangjong of the Goryeo dynasty, so that the present writer may find what is the motivation and purpose lying behind the events. Particularly in this paper, the present writer concentrated on the factors of social integration and strengthening of these kings' respective thrones. In the case of emancipation of Jeremiah 34:8-22, the king initiated emancipation by contracting with the influential slave owners, the influentials. Although they comply with the contract, their minds were reluctant to accept the act of emancipation. According to the result of analysis and comparison between the cases of emancipation under king Zedekiah and Gwangjong of Goryeo dynasty, it is assumed that the king Zedekiah and the slave owners had knowledge of the Covenant Code (Exod 21:2-11), the Code of Deuteronomy (Deut 15:12-18). However, they did not fully comply with the laws of the codes. It seems that they freed the slaves out of complex motivations along with with other factors. Meanwhile, in the case of king Gwangjong, the king liberated slaves wholly for strengthening the royal throne. From the beginning onward king Gwangjong strengthened the throne. On the basis of the strengthened power of the throne, the king liberated the slaves owned by the nobles. According to the analysis of Zedekiah's e,ancipation event, the goal of strengthening the throne was an important factor along with the factors of the military power and the religion. It is because the king Zedekiah's power was weak from the beginning of enthronement. To liberate slaves owned by the nobles was a golden opportunity to enhance the power of throne. And the king Zedekiah found the ground of emancipation in the Exodus, while king Gwangjong did it in the general consensus that debt slavery was illegal. Actually both grounds were used for liberating debt slavery.
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