수량적 문체론과 기법의 문학사: 한국 근대소설 속 ‘의식의 흐름’ 기법을 중심으로

Abstract

This study utilizes the methodology of 'distant reading' to examine the transformation of Korean modern fiction texts that occurred when the Western 'stream of consciousness' technique, which emerged in the early 20th century, was adopted in Korea in the 1930s. In order to examine the aspects of 'stream of consciousness' in Korean modern fiction, it is necessary to look at it from two main streams. The first is to look at how Joyce's 'stream of consciousness' was adopted in Korea in the context of comparative literary history, how writers at the time perceived the technique, and what characteristics they tried to emulate. The second is to consider the literary and historical context and then extract examples of Korean stream-of-consciousness techniques through text mining. It is also worth remembering that in Japan and Korea at the time, Joyce and Woolf were not considered modernist writers but 'neo-psychological' writers. In the early to mid-1930s, there were writers such as Park Tae-won and Lee Hyo-seok who showed a tendency toward neo-psychologism among Korean modernists. Lee Tae-joon gave Park Tae-won's unique technique the name "long sentence". He commented that "once you are caught in this sentence, no matter what it is, whether it's a judgment, an event, or a word, you are exposed to the last." This description refers to the 'stream of consciousness'. This description is very similar to stream of consciousness. Such sentences became widely popular in colonial Korea after "The Daily Life of the Novelist Kubo," and "Kubo's sentences have now become an integral part of the Korean writing style. This study analyzed 1,535 modern Korean novels published between 1910 and 1945, which is about 1.2 million sentences. For this study, we used the LEN function and the TTR(type token ratios) to find sentences with the stream-of-consciousness technique. The LEN is a function used to find the length of a sentence, and the TTR is an index that measures the diversity of vocabulary. Based on this, we found the following sentences in Korean modern novels that were influenced by the stream-of-consciousness technique. It has been common knowledge that when discussing Korean modernism in the 1930s, it is common to mention Lee Sang's "Wings" and Park Tae-won's "The Daily Life of the Novelist Kubo." However, if we focus on the stream of consciousness technique, a much wider range of writers and works can be considered for discussion. If Lee Sang and Park Tae-won laid the groundwork for the stream-of-consciousness technique to take hold in Korea, artists such as Lee Hyo-seok, Kim Nam-chun, Chae Man-sik, Yoo Hang-rim, Ahn Hoi-nam, and Jung In-taek continued the trend, while Lee Kwang-soo, Hyun Deok, and Kim jeong-han experimented with similar techniques in some of their works. As Lee Tae-joon notes, after Park Tae-won experimented with "long sentences" in earnest, they gradually established themselves as "a stylistic feature of Korean writing.