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타행동차별강화와 유관운동이 자폐스펙트럼장애 초등학생의 음성상동행동에 미치는 효과: 단일사례연구

The Effects of Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior and Contingent Exercise on Vocal Stereotype on Elementary School Child with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Single-Case Research

강영모|YANGDANIELMOONBONG|신은찬
한국장애인개발원 (Korea Disabled People's Development Institute)|2022.06|장애인복지연구 (Disability & Social Welfare)|제13권 제1호|pp. 169-202|DOI 10.36064/koddi.2022.13.1.007

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참고문헌

키워드

자폐스펙트럼장애음성상동행동단일사례연구타행동차별강화유관운동Differential reinforcement of other behaviors (DRO)Contingent exercise (CE)Ausitm spectrum disorders (ASD)Vocal stereotypeSingle-case research

초록

본 연구는 타행동차별강화와 유관운동을 결합한 중재 패키지가 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 음성상동행동에 미치는 효과를 살펴보고자 수행한 단일사례연구(single-case research)이다. 연구 참여자는 특수학급에 배치된 초등학교 1학년 아동이다. 반전 설계를 사용하여 실험을 수행하였으며 독립변인과 종속변인 간의 기능적 관계가 확인되었다. 목표행동은 의미 없는 높은 음의 소리를 내거나 상황에 맞지 않는 단어(구)를 반복하는 음성상동행동이며, 중재는 타행동차별강화와 유관운동의 절차를 결합하여 구성한 중재 패키지이다. 부분-동간기록법을 사용하여 자료를 수집하고 수준, 경향, 비중복비율, 효과의 즉각성을 시각적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 타행동차별강화와 유관운동을 결합한 중재 패키지는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 음성상동행동을 효과적으로 감소시켰다. 중재의 효과는 가정에서도 일반화되었으며 연구의 사회적 타당도는 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 학교와 가정, 치료실 등에서 음성상동행동을 효과적이고 윤리적으로 중재하기 위한 논의와 제한점, 제언을 서술하였다.

Abstract

This study was single-case research conducted to examine the effect of an intervention package combining differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) and contingent exercise (CE) on the vocal stereotype of child with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The participant was a first-year grade student of elementary school who was placed in a special class. The experiment used the reversal design and demonstrated the functional relation between the independent and dependent variables. The target behavior was vocal stereotype that repeat high-pitched sounds or meaningless words (phrases) that do not fit the situation. For intervention, the intervention package that combines DRO and CE was applied. Data were collected using a partial-interval recording, and visual analysis was performed focusing on the level, trend, percentage of non-overlapping data (PND), and immediacy of effects. The results of the study, the intervention package that combined DRO and CE effectively reduced the vocal stereotype of child with ASD. The effects of the intervention were generalized at home, and the social validity of this study was high. Based on the results of this study, discussions, limitations, and suggestions for the effective and ethical intervention of vocal stereotype in schools, homes, and clinics were described.

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