수용전념치료의심리적 유연성 분석과 기독교적 평가
An Analysis of the Psychological Flexibility of Acceptance Commitment Therapy and Its Christian Counseling Evaluation
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본 논문은 심리적 유연성을 상담의 목표로 하는 인지치료의 제 3의 물결이라고 하는 수용전념치료의 개론적 이해와 역사 그리고 유용성을 살펴보고 기독교적인 평가와 적용 가능성을 기술하였다. 전통적인 인지행동치료는 인지를 하나의 행동으로 인식하고 내담자의 왜곡된 인지의 변화를 행동 변화의 치료핵심으로 보았다. 그러나 수용전념치료는 내담자의 인지적 왜곡을 교정하는 대신에 내담자의 심리적 수용성을 강화시켜주는 과정을 통해서 인지적 왜곡으로 인한 스트레스를 완화시켜주는 치료적 효과를 강조한다. 최근 주목을 받고 있는 심리적 경직성은 우울증이나 불안장애 등과 같은 심리적 장애들의 원인으로 지목되고 있으며 심리적 유연성의 향상은 다양한 심리적 장애를 호전시키는 것으로 다양한 연구를 통하여 밝혀지고 있다. 특히 본 논문에서는 수용전념치료에서 치료의 목표로 삼고 있는 심리적 유연성을 이해하기 위하여 관계구성틀 이론과 인지적 융합을 설명하였으며 이를 통해서 어떻게 인간의 언어가 심리적 경직을 유발하는지를 살펴보았다. 그리고 수용전념 치료의 대표적인 치료도구인 마음챙김의 뿌리와 진행과정을 기독교 상담의 관점에서 평가하고 기독교적인 대안을 찾고자 하였다. 특히 심리적 유연성과 영적 성숙은 분명한 차이점을 가지고 있지만 동시에 유사성을 포함하고 있음을 제시하였다. 영적 성숙은 신자가 예수님의 장성한 분량으로 자라가는 것이며 신자는 자신의 생각과 뜻을 고수하는 것이 아니라 하나님의 생각과 뜻을 찾으려고 노력하는 과정에서 메타인지(성령인지)의 기능이 강화되고 그 결과로 심리적 유연성이 개선될 수 있음을 기술하였다.
Abstract
This article focuses on the basic understanding and brief history of one of the third wave therapies called Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT) and its evaluation and application from the Christian perspective. Psychological flexibility, which is the goal of the ACT, is defined as paying attention to present moment and taking value guided effective action. The greater your psychological flexibility, the better you can handle painful thoughts and feelings and the more effectively you can take action to make your life meaningful. Psychological inflexibility is considered one of the main cause of depression and anxiety disorder. In this article, in order to understand psychological flexibility, a theory of human language called relational frame theory(RFT) and the cognitive fusion are explored. The mindfulness, the ACT’s main psychological technique to enhance psychological flexibility, is evaluated from the Christian counseling perspective. This article closes with the comparison between the psychological flexibility and the characteristics of the spiritual maturity.
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