노인의 치매예방 행위의도에 미치는 영향요인
Factors Influencing Dementia Preventive Behavior Intention in the Elderly People
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초록
목적: 본 연구의 목적은 건강신념모형과 두려움을 기반으로 우리나라 65세 이상 노인의 치매예방 행위의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하는 것이다. 방법: 연구 대상자는 연구 참여에 동의하고 선정 기준에 적합한 노인 113명이었다. 구조화된 자기기입식 설문지를 이용하여 일반적 특성, 건강신념모형(지각된 민감성, 지각된 심각성, 지각된 유익성, 지각된 장애성, 행동단서, 건강동기, 자기효능감), 두려움, 그리고 치매예방 행위의도를 조사하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS Window 21 프로그램을 이용하였으며, 최종적으로 단계적 다중 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 자기효능감, 지각된 장애성, 음주, 그리고 교육수준이 치매예방 행위의도에 영향을 미치는 유의한 변인으로 나타났고, 이들 변인의 치매예방 행위의도에 대한 설명력은 32%이었다. 단계적 다중 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 자기효능감이 치매예방 행위의도의 가장 강력한 영향요인이었다. 결론: 우리나라 노인들의 치매예방 행위를 성공적으로 촉진시키기 위해서는 우선적으로 자기효능감을 향상시키는 간호중재를 개발하는 것이 필요하겠다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing dementia preventive behavior intention of the elderly people based on the Health Belief Model. Methods: The participants included 113 elderly people who met the eligibility criteria. Demographic variables, variables of the Health Belief Model (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, cues to action, general health motivation, and self efficacy), dementia fear and behavioral intention of dementia prevention were examined using structured self-report questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed by stepwise multiple regression using SPSS for Windows version 21. Results: Self efficacy, alcohol drinking, perceived barrier and education level were significant factors, which explained 32% of the variance in dementia preventive behavior intention. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that a powerful predictor of dementia preventive behavior intention of the elderly was self efficacy. Conclusion: Developing nursing intervention to enhance self efficacy toward improvement of dementia preventive behavior among elderly people would be recommended.
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