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COVID-19로 인한 재택근무가 MZ세대 조직 구성원의 침묵에 미치는 영향: 외로움의 매개효과를 중심으로

The Effect of Telecommuting on the Silence of MZ Generation Organizational Members in COVID-19: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Workplace Loneliness

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주제분류무역학

초록

코로나19라는 예상치 못한 팬데믹(Pandemic) 상황으로 기업을 비롯한 많은 조직은 재택근무를 도입하게 되었으며, 코로나 상황이 거의 종식되어 가는 지금 이 순간에도 재택근무에 대한 조직 구성원들의 선호와 또 다른 전염병의 재확산 등을 고려했을 때 재택근무의 가능성을 완전히 배제하기는 힘들게 되었다. 하지만 이러한 재택근무가 정말 효과적인 것인가에 대해서는 긍정과 부정의 상반된 주장들이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 코로나19로 인해 실시된 기업의 재택근무가 조직 구성원에게 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 실증하고자 하였다. 특히, 본 연구는 최근 사회적으로 많은 주목을 받고 있으며, 기업 조직에서도 높은 비중을 차지하고 있는 MZ세대 구성원을 연구대상으로 하였다. 재택근무의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 그 중요성에 비해 상대적으로 많은 연구가 이루어지지 않은 구성원의 침묵을 결과변수로 설정하였으며, 기업의 재택근무가 어떠한 메커니즘을 통해 구성원의 침묵에 영향을 주는가를 확인하기 위해 직장에서의 외로움이라고 하는 매개요인의 역할을 검증하였다. 가설 검증을 위한 위계적 회귀분석 결과 재택근무 정도가 많을수록 구성원의 침묵은 증가되는 부정적 결과가 도출되었으며, 이러한 과정을 직장에서의 외로움이 완전매개함도 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 본 연구는 재택근무의 부정적 영향에 대한 선행연구들을 일부 지지하는 이론적 시사점과 더불어 향후 기업이 또 다른 외부 요인에 의해 재택근무를 도입해야 할 시에는 MZ세대 구성원에 대한 재택근무의 부정적 영향을 잘 고려하여 이를 완화할 수 있도록 근무시간이나 장소 측면에서 보다 다양한 유연근무제 적용을 검토할 필요가 있다는 등의 실무적 시사점을 제시하고 있다.

Abstract

Due to the unexpected pandemic of COVID-19, many organizations, including companies, have offered the option to Telecommuting, and considering the organizational members' preferences for Telecommuting and the spread of another epidemic, it is difficult to completely rule out the possibility of Telecommuting at this moment when the COVID-19 situation is almost over. However, there are conflicting positive and negative arguments about whether such Telecommuting is really effective. Therefore, this study attempted to demonstrate how Telecommuting conducted due to COVID-19 affects organizational members. In particular, this study targeted members of the MZ generation, which has recently attracted a lot of attention in society and occupies a high proportion in corporate organizations. In order to verify the effectiveness of Telecommuting, the silence of members, which has not been studied relatively much, was used as a result variable, and the role of a mediating factor called workplace loneliness was verified to determine how corporate Telecommuting affects members' silence. As a result of hierarchical regression analysis for hypothesis verification, the more Telecommuting, the higher the silence of members, and it was also confirmed that workplace loneliness was completely mediated in this process. Through these results, this study has theoretical implications to support previous studies on the negative effects of Telecommuting. In addition, when companies need to apply to Telecommuting due to other external factors in the future, it is necessary to consider applying a more diverse flexible work system in terms of working hours and places, taking into account the negative effects of Telecommuting on MZ generation members.

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