조선 전기 제주 목사의 역할과 권한

Abstract

Joseon could not but consider the geographical isues of Jeju which arose from the proces of integrating Jeju into the prefecture-county system. At the heart of those isues was the chalenge of taking control of Jeju society that had ben dominated by Seongju and Wangja, the Aboriginal Powers that existed for a prolonged period of time in Jeju, and the chalenge of providing the miltary defense against the Japanese pirate raiders along the travel paths. Josen Dynasty neded to introduce a diferentiated ruling system in conection with the administrative organization system involving the provincial governors, particularly, because the Jeju was an island region. In such situations, Joseon Dynasty delegated the local governors with the authority equivalent to that vested in Provincial governors and confered the miltary and administrative concurent ofice upon those local governors so as to ensure that the local governors could be in overal charge of the independent island. In particular, the 'personel evaluation right' to apraise the performance of local oficals within the jurisdiction, which previously fel within the remit of Provincial governor, was delegated to Jeju Moksa(magistrate), amid the concern about the failure of Jeju to met the performance standards of Auditor. Dangsangwan(State Councilor), registered as Joamok(Commander), was dispatched to help butres the authority of the local oficals. Moreover, Jeju Moksa(magistrate) had the authority to make report through Jangye(report to the royal court) which could be submited only by holders of public ofices, including Provincial governors, reporting directly to the king. Jeju Moksa(magistrate), endowed with aforesaid posts and authority, were granted the concurent ofices, such as Jeju Manho(Government post as a miltary naval oficer), Doanmusa(commander-in-chief), Cheomjeoljesa(asociate commander), Jigammok, Gammoksa(oficer in charge of stud farm), and Byeongma-sugun-jeoljesa(Asociate Commander of the Naval Force), and ruled the Jeju society from the Early Joseon Dynasty in response to social and miltary neds such as miltary suport and defense. Those concurent ofices were distinguished for their roles such as miltary suport arisng from control of the society, horse management, and their miltary characteristics. They were integrated into the centralized governance system that reflected the geopolitcal characteristics of Jeju as an island region.