생활과 무대-민속관광촌의 歌舞공연에 대한 조사와 연구

Abstract

For this study, I investigated Geumjukchae (龍勝各族金江村金竹寨), which is about 92km away from Guilin of Guangxi, China, to discuss how folk culture relates to tourism development. Geumjukchae is located at Yongcheokjejeon (龍脊梯田) District, which is known to have 21 tourism attractions of Guangxi, and was developed in 1992. It has been introduced to the world as a typical village of Northern China. To stress its name, Gaumjukchae uses bamboo for all tools used for its performances and table settings. Its dances also represent the geographical characteristics of Geumjukchae. Most of the musical instruments and tools used for the dances are also made out of bamboo. Bamboo represents the town’s lifestyles. Tourism developers have emphasized the image of bamboo to define the character of Geumjukchae’s local culture as being wild and native. In this respect, the performances you see in Geumjukchae are not mere representation of labor or entertainment. Some movements are exaggerated and beautified to satisfy tourists. In this process, the local culture of Northern China was reorganized and reconceptualized. The principle of Geumjukchae’s dances is market-orientation and simplification. First, the dances are altered to attract tourists and achieve profitability in the market. Second, these dances are performed with limited manpower in a limited space within a limited period of time. As knowledge is organized and folk culture constantly changes, tourism development has reorganized local culture and national culture to influence altering and creating folk culture. It is also necessary to discuss how the Government should collaborate with tourism developers and the local people to guide the development of folk programs and influence the local culture.