미군정기 경제상황과 여순사건의 사회경제적 배경 – 순천지역을 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the background of the participation of the popular class who participated in the Yeosu-Suncheon(Yeosun) incident(旅順事件). The Yeosu-Suncheon incident is not a case in which only 14th Regiment members were the main agents, but also has meaning as a public uprising in Yeosu and Suncheon. This public participation requires a clear analysis not only of the situation in which the public saw, but also of the experiences and perceptions before the incident. Existing studies on the participating class of the Yeosu-Suncheon case revealed that “anti-police (anti-police consciousness)” and economic conditions were one of the main reasons for public participation, but this was also conducted without sufficient analysis of the economic situation of the existing U.S. military period, especially regional conditions. Therefore, this study first examined the economic situation of the U.S. military period, which was developed before the government was established. Just as the experience of Japanese colonial era influenced the later history, the socio-economic background and historical experience of the U.S. military period greatly influenced the public's perception. In this process, the Japanese colonial era control economic policy and the rice collection policy were reenacted even during the U.S. military season, and the public's antipathy toward the police as an enforcement body for rice collection continued. In particular, Jeollanam-do achieved a collection rate of 86.5%. In addition, during the period when the production of mixed grains decreased significantly, the collection of river valleys in Jeollanam-do came as a greater burden on farmers. The ratio of tenant farming and self-growing farmers to the total number of farmhouses in Suncheon area reached 89.8%. This means that most farms in Suncheon belong to tenant farmers. It is clear that the actual state of rice production due to rice collection had a greater impact on tenant farmers, and from this, it can be inferred that most farmers in Suncheon at that time had a negative perception of rice collection. This socioeconomic background became the background for the public's participation at the time of the Yeosu-Suncheon Incident.