경제성장과 사회통합을 위한 노동시장제도 연구-영국 · 독일 · 덴마크 3국 비교분석을 중심으로-
Labor Market Institutions for Economic Growth and Social Cohesion : Comparative Analysis of the U.K., Germany, and Denmark
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이 논문은 경제성장과 사회통합을 위한 노동시장제도가 무엇인지를 영국, 독일, 덴마크 3국의 비교를 중심으로 밝히고자 한다. 우선 노동시장의 유연성, 안전성, 유연안전성이라는 서로 다른 세 가지 노동시장제도 유형을 가진 세 나라의 경제적 성과를 비교한다. 나아가 OECD 주요국의 자료에 기초하여 고용보호제도, 실업보호제도, 적극적 노동시장정책 등의 노동시장제도가 고용률, 실업률, 빈곤율, Gini 계수 등의 경제적 성과에 미치는 효과를 분석한다. 이러한 분석에 기초하여 경제성장과 사회통합을 동시에 실현할 수 있는 노동시장제도 구축의 방향을 제시한다. 실증분석 결과는 노동시장을 유연화하면서 실업보호를 강화하고 적극적 노동시장정책을 강도 높게 실시할 때 경제성장과 사회통합을 동시에 실현하는 길이 열릴 수 있음을 보여준다. 요컨대, 노동시장의 유연안전성을 실현하는 노동시장제도 구축이 경제성장과 사회통합을 동시에 구현하는 길임을 시사해 준다.
Abstract
This paper aims to clarify the labor market institutions for economic growth and social cohesion through a comparative analysis of three countries: United Kingdom, Germany, and Denmark. First, the economic performances of the different labor market institutions, that is, flexibility in the U.K., security in Germany, and flexicurity in Denmark, are analysed. Next, a regression analysis is made to the effects of labor market institutions such as employment protection, unemployment protection, and active labor market policy on the economic performances such as employment rate, unemployment rate, poverty rate, and Gini coefficient. The results of empirical analysis suggest that if flexible labor market is combined with high unemployment protection and high expenditures on active labor market policy, then it is possible to achieve economic growth and social cohesion. In short, institution building for flexicurity of labor market can contribute to realize a sustainable growth.
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