컴퓨터 기반 평가에서 디지털 기기 친숙도에 따른 차별기능문항 분석: eTIMSS 2019 4학년 수학을 중심으로
Analysis of Differential item functioning according to digital device familiarity in computer-based test: focusing on eTIMSS 2019 4th grade mathematics
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본 연구는 컴퓨터 기반 평가의 차별기능문항 분석을 통해 디지털 기기 활용 경험이 상대적으로 부족한 학생에게 불리하게 작용하는 문항의 유형을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 eTIMSS 2019의 우리나라 초등학교 4학년 수학 자료를 활용하여 차별기능문항 분석을 실시하였다. 분석에는 정규 수학에응시한 557명, PSI 수학 문항에 응시한 556명의 자료를 활용하였으며, 디지털 기기 친숙도가 낮은 집단을 초점집단(focal group), 디지털 기기 친숙도가 높은 집단을 참조집단(reference group)으로선정하였다. 차별기능문항의 분석 방법으로는 로지스틱 회귀분석 방법, Mantel-Haenszel 방법, IRT 우도비 검정(likelihood ratio test) 방법을 사용하여 결과를 비교하였다. 분석 결과 디지털 기기친숙도가 낮은 집단의 학생들은 컴퓨터 상호 작용이 강화된 문항, 숫자 키패드로 답을 입력하는 문항들에 불리한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 컴퓨터 기반 평가의 타당도를 제고하기 위한 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
This study attempted to explore the types of items that adversely affect students who have relatively insufficient experience in using digital devices through the analysis of differential functional questions in computer-based evaluation. To this end, an analysis of differential functional questions was conducted using data from the 4th grade mathematics of eTIMS 2019. For the analysis, data from 557 people who took regular mathematics and 556 people who took PSI questions were used, and the group with low digital device familiarity was selected as the focul group and the group with high digital device familiarity as the reference group. As a method of analyzing differential functional questions, the results were compared using the logistic regression analysis method, the Mantel-Haenszel method, and the likelihood ratio test method. As a result of the analysis, it was found that students in the group with low digital device familiarity were disadvantageous in terms of items with enhanced computer interaction and items for entering answers with a numeric keypad. The results of this study are expected to be used as information to improve the validity of computer-based evaluation in the future.
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