근로자 취업결정요인에 관한 종단적 연구

Abstract

This study estimates longitudinally determinants of workers’ employment decisions using data from the 1st-24th wave of KLIPS(Korea Labor and Income Panel Study) by sex, age, and specific period. Empirical results are as follows:First, a longitudinal employment patterns among individuals aged 15 to 75 (excluding 15 to 34 age group, which has decreased since 2014) reveals that the employment rate has gradually increased across all age groups, regardless of gender. The male employment rate is 20%p or higher than that of women, and the proportion of wage earners aged 65 to 75 has increased by 20%p or more compared to 20 years ago, consistent with the recent trend of increasing employment rates among the elderly. Second, the gender, the age, the education level, the household income (excluding respondent’s income), the household debt, the marital status, and the number of preschool children have a statistical significance for employment determinants. Among these factors, the impact of marital status and the number of preschool children on employment differ by gender, and the impact of education level, the marital status, household debts and the current health status on it also vary by age. And the influence of gender, marital status, age and household income on employment was found to change over time. The analysis above reveals that the determinants of employment are changing due to shifts in social and cultural perceptions as well as institutional changes. So we suggest the following policy measures: a strong support for work and life balance, re-employment of women with career breaks to improve the low employment rate of married women, providing a variety of job opportunities for the old who want to work, etc. It was concluded that tailored employment policies based on gender, age, and time stage need to be supplemented.