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마음챙김에 근거한 스트레스 완화 프로그램이 조직구성원의 정신건강에 미치는 효과

The Effects of the Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction on Mental Health of Organizational Members

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초록

본 논문은 실험연구를 통해 8주간의 MBSR(Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction: 마음챙김에 근거한 스트레스 완화) 훈련이 마음챙김과 스트레스 및 자아존중감과 조직몰입, 소진, 창의성에 미치는 효과를 규명하기 위하여 21명의 실험집단과 19명의 통제집단을 대상으로 사전과 사후에 공변량 분석(ANCOVA)을 사용하여 직접적인 효과를 측정하고 비교/분석하였다. 사용된 척도로는 마음챙김 척도(MS), 스트레스 반응 척도(SRI), 소진 척도(MBI), 자아존중감 척도(SLCS-R), 조직몰입 척도(OCS), 창의성 척도(ECS)가 사용되었다. MBSR 프로그램의 개입을 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 집단 간 MBSR 프로그램 참여 여부에 따른 조직구성원들의 마음챙김 수준을 사전・사후에 비교 분석한 결과, 실험집단은 유의한 차이를 보였으나, 통제집단은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 스트레스 반응을 사전・사후에 비교한 결과, 실험집단은 유의한 변화를 보였지만, 통제집단은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 셋째, 소진의 경우는 MBSR 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단은 유의하게 감소하였지만, 통제집단의 경우에는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 넷째, 자아존중감은 사전・사후의 차이를 분석한 결과, 실험집단은 유의하게 증가하였지만, 통제집단의 경우에는 점수의 변화가 없었다. 다섯째, 조직 몰입의 사전・사후의 차이를 보면, 실험집단은 유의하게 증가하였지만, 통제집단의 경우에는 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 여섯째, 창의성은 사전・사후의 차이 분석결과, 실험집단은 유의하게 증가하였지만, 통제집단의 경우에는 점수 변화가 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 위의 연구를 종합하면 MBSR 프로그램이 개인의 안녕뿐만 아니라 조직구성원의 스트레스를 완화하였으며, 민간기업이나 공공관리분야의 경쟁력에 이바지할 수 있는 효과적인 가능성을 시사해 주었다. 결론적으로 MBSR의 개입이 조직 구성원의 건강한 삶과 행복을 증진시키고 자신이 속한 조직에 기여할 수 있는 도구로서 유용함을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 제언을 중심으로 폭넓은 관심과 후속 연구로 조직구성원들의 삶과 건강 및 조직의 생산성 향상에 MBSR이 보다 긍정적인 기여를 하기를 기대한다.

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the effects of MBSR on the stress and organizational effectiveness of office workers. In this research, the effects were measured by using ANCOVA with 21 test group members and 19 control group members to assess mindfulness, stress, self-esteem, and organizational commitment through the 8-week MBSR program. The scales for this research are as follows: scales of stress reaction, mindfulness, self-esteem, creativity, burnout, and organizational commitment. In this research, the following results were derived. First, the analytical findings of the mindfulness level of office workers, whether they participated in the MBSR program or not, show significant differences in the test group. However, there are no significant differences in the control group with regard to all subordinating factors. Second, through the comparison of before and after the intervention in the level of stress reaction, the results reveal that the test group shows significant changes in the factors of tension, offensiveness, physique, anger, and fatigue and that the control group does not demonstrate significant differences. Third, through the before and after comparison in the level of organizational commitment, the results indicate that the test group shows significant increases in emotional immersion and continual immersion. However, the control group shows no significant changes in all subordinating factors. Fourth, in the case of burnout, the test group that participated in the MBSR program demonstrates significant decreases in all factors of tension, offensiveness, physique, anger, depression, fatigue, and frustration. However, the control group shows no significant changes. Fifth, through the comparison of before and after the intervention in the level of self-esteem, the results reveal that the test group shows significant increases in self-competence and self-linking impression. However, the control group shows no significant changes. Sixth, through the comparison of before and after the MBSR program in the level of creativity, the test group shows significant increases in the factors of alternative solution, risky freedom seeking, altruism self-spreading, and searchable immersion. However, the control group shows no significant changes. This research implies that the MBSR program is the effective method to contribute to the goodness of individual and to the company’s competitive edge by decreasing stress from office workers. The intervention of the MBSR program is verified as an important and effective tool to increase health and happiness of office workers and to contribute to their organization.

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