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정서조절 전략과 인지적 반응성의 관계: Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) 측정을 중심으로

Relationship between Emotion Regulation Strategies and Cognitive Reactivity: Focusing on the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure

임종민|장문선|이종환|배대석|곽호완|정현석
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2017.11|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제36권 제4호|pp. 574-588|DOI https://doi.org/10.15842/kjcp.2017.36.4.009

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참고문헌

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정서조절우울emotion regulationdepressionemotion regulation strategy인지적 반응성정서조절 전략IRAP기분유도cognitive reactivitymood induction
주제분류심리과학

초록

정서조절의 반복적인 실패는 다양한 정신병리에 영향을 미칠 수 있다고 한다. 특히 표현 억제 전략은 우울의 발병과 재발에도 관련이 있다고 보고된다. 인지적 반응성은 우울의 재발을 예측하는 변인으로, 개인마다 슬픈 기분에 다르게 반응하도록 이끄는 요인은 아직 불분명하다고 알려져 있다. 암묵적 측정의 구조는 우울의 인지이론과 부합하기 때문에, 평소 잠복상태에 있는 인지적 반응성을 측정하는 데 보다적합할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 인지적 반응성과 습관적인 정서조절 전략의 관계를 알아보기 위해 명시적 수준에서 정서조절 전략에 따른 심리적 상태가 차이를 보이는지 확인하고, 암묵적 수준에서 IRAP 프로그램을 활용하여 기분유도 전후 특질적 정서조절 전략에따른 인지적 반응성을 측정했다. 이를 위해 대학생 494명을 대상으로 실시한 정서조절 질문지를 통해 인지적 재평가 성향집단과 표현 억제성향집단으로 구분했고, 연구 참여에 동의하고 연습기준을 통과한 40명(억제 18명, 재평가 22명)을 연구 대상자로 선정했다. 연구 결과, 표현 억제 성향집단은 인지적 재평가 성향집단보다 우울, 불안, 스트레스를 더 많이 호소하고 더 높은 인지적 반응성을 보였다. 암묵적 측정에서 표현 억제 성향집단은 인지적 재평가 성향집단보다 슬픈 기분에 민감한 인지구조를 보였다. 표현 억제 성향집단은 기분유도 후 긍정적 정서반응 편향이 감소했으나 인지적 재평가 성향집단은 오히려 증가했다. 본 연구의 결과는 표현 억제 전략의 습관적인 사용이 인지적재평가보다 인지적 반응성에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 실증적인 근거를 제시한다.

Abstract

Repeated failure in emotion regulation could lead to various psychopathologies. It has been reported that the expression inhibition strategy is related to the occurrence and relapse of depression. Although cognitive reactivity is the factor that predicts the relapse of depression, the reason for individual differences in reacting to sad mood is unclear. Congruent with the cognitive theory of depression, implicit measures often assess cognitive reactivity, which is usually hidden. To identify the relationship between cognitive reactivity and trait emotion regulation, the present study verified if trait emotion regulation strategies lead to differences in psychological states in the explicit level. Additionally, it measured cognitive reactivity using the IRAP program before/after mood induction at an implicit level. In the first phase, 494 undergraduate students completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ), Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-Korean(DASSK), and Korean Leiden Depression Sensitivity-Revised(K-LEIDS-R). In the second phase, participants who agreed to participate and passed the practice criterion were divided into the cognitive reappraisal tendency group (N=22) and expression inhibition tendency group (N=18). Findings revealed that the inhibition group exhibit more depression, anxiety, stress, and cognitive reactivity than the reappraisal group did. In the implicit measure, the inhibition group exhibited a more sensitive cognitive structure to sad mood than the reappraisal group did. While the reappraisal group reacted positively to the negative situation, the inhibition group reacted negatively to the negative situation. Critically, the inhibition group exhibited lower positive emotional reaction bias, but the reappraisal group exhibited higher positive emotional reaction bias after mood induction. These results suggest that the habitual use of the expression inhibition strategy contributes more to reactivity to sad mood than the cognitive reappraisal strategy does.

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