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정부 선정영향력이 기술발전 프로세스에 미치는 영향 분석

The Process of Government’s Selection Force Leading to Technological Development in Private Sector

배성주|한상연|김현식
한국혁신학회|2018.11|한국혁신학회지 (Innovation studies)|제13권 제4호|pp. 125-155|DOI https://doi.org/10.46251/INNOS.2018.11.13.4.125

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참고문헌

키워드

기술혁신Technological Innovation신제도주의Search Strategy탐색전략Neo-institutionalism선정영향력민간R&D활동Selection ForcePrivate Sector R&D activity

초록

본 연구는 우리나라와 같은 선진국을 추격하는 국가에서 기술발전에 정부가 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보기 위하여 정부의 선정영향력이 어떤 요인에 의해 결정되고 민간 영역에 어떻게 연계되어 기술발전을 이끌어주는지에 대한 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 이는 정부 선정영향력의 발생과 확산 과정은 제도적 환경에 기반한 정부의 선정영향력이 기술분야별 투자전략을 결하는 과정에서 나타나며(selection), 정부의 선정영향력은 적합한 탐색 전략에 따라 공동 탐색과 학습 과정을 거쳐 민간영역의 연구개발활동에 영향을 주는 형태로 진행(variation)되는 과정을 거치는 것을 보여주고자 한다. 이를 위하여 국가연구개발사업 조사분석 자료 연 단위 284개, 10년치(’07~’16) 합계 총 2,840개의 기술분야별 패널데이터와 연구개발활동조사 연 단위 35개, 10년치(’06~’15) 합계 총 350개의 기술분야별 패널데이터를 분석에 활용하였다. 실증분석결과, 정부 선정영향력을 결정하는 규제적, 규범적, 문화인지적 요인 등의 제도적 요인이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 정부선택이 탐색전략을 병행하면 공동탐색을 증가시킬 수 있고, 정부선택이 공동탐색을 거치면 민간연구개발활동을 증가시킬 수 있다는 유의미한 결과를 도출하였다. 따라서 과학기술기본계획과 정부R&D 투자방향에 포함된 기술분야를 규제를 통해 의무적으로 반영하고 전문가적 가치관이 반영된 전년도 정부연구비와 민간매칭연구비가 높을수록, 전년도 논문과 특허등록에 기여한 정도를 높일 필요가 있다. 또한 국가가 전략적으로 육성하는 기술분야에서 기존에 잘 하던 방식으로 연구개발을 집중적으로 수행하고 새로운 영역에 대한 창의·도전적 연구를 확대하는 탐색전략을 병행하는 것이 의미가 있다. 그리고 정부R&D를 통한 문제 해결과정에서 발생한 성과물이 민간에 이전되고 사업화되어 민간R&D활동을 증가시킬 수 있음을 실증적으로 고찰하였다.

Abstract

In order to research the impact of government on technological development in chasing advanced countries such as our country, this study analyzed the impact of government's selection force on which factors were determined and linked to the private sector to lead technological development. There is a government's selection force based on the institutional environment, which the process of developing and expanding the government's selection force is reflected in the determination of investment strategies by technology fields. This study aims to show that the government's selection force is conducted in a form that affects R&D activities in the private sector through collaborative search and learning processes according to appropriate search strategies. For this purpose, We were utilized for analysis 284 national R&D project research analysis data per year, 10 years (’07-’16) total of 2,840 technical field-specific panel data and a total of 350 panel data for each technical field including 35 units of R&D activity surveys per year (’06-’15). The results of an empirical analysis, Institutional factors such as regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive factors that determine the influence on the government's selection were found to have positive effects. And The collaborative search could be increased if the government's selection combines a search strategy, and significant results were derived that the collaborative search could increase the private research and development activities. So, the government is obliged to reflect the technology fields that includes the S&T basic plan, government R&D investment direction through regulation. The higher the previous year's government research funds and private matching research funds reflected in professional values, the higher the degree to which the previous year's papers and patents were contributed. In addition, it is meaningful to focus on R&D in ways that the country has traditionally performed well in the technology fields that the country strategically fosters, and to expand creative and challenging research in new areas. And it is meaningful to consider it empirically that the outcomes of the problem-solving process through government R&D could be transferred to the private sector and commercialized, increasing private R&D activities.

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