경도인지장애(MCI) 하위유형의 인지적 특성에 대한 탐색적 연구
Characteristics of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes: An Exploratory Study
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초록
본 연구는 치매의 전구기로 여겨지는 경도인지장애(Mild Cognitive Impairment)를 Petersen (2004)이 제시한 기준을 바탕으로 네 가지 하위유형(aMCI-single domain, aMCI-multiple domain, naMCI-single domain, naMCI-multiple domain)으로 구분하고 각각의 인지적 특성에 대해 알아보았다. 인지기능 저하를 호소하며 내원한 321명의 참가자들을 대상으로 서울신경심리검사(SNSB)를 실시하였고, 치매 진단을 받았거나 ‘CDR 1’ 이상인 환자 등 MCI 분류 기준에 맞지 않는 환자를 제외한 후 네 가지 하위유형 및 정상군을 포함하여 총 109명의자료가 분석에 사용되었다. 각 하위유형별로 인지기능의 차이를 알아보기 위해 검사의 원점수를 z 점수로 변환한 값에 대해 일원변량분석(one-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 그 결과, aMCI-multiple군은 aMCI-single군보다 RCFT copy 점수가 유의하게 낮았고, 두 집단 간 기억영역의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. aMCI-single군은 naMCI-single군에 비해 SVLT 즉각회상이 더 낮았고, 두 군 간 기타 인지영역의 차이는유의하지 않았다. aMCI-multiple군은 naMCI-multiple군보다 RCFT 지연회상 점수가 더 낮았고, 기타 인지영역에서 두 군 간의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점 및 장래연구 방향을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cognitive characteristics of four Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) subtypes (amnestic MCI [aMCI]-single domain, aMCI-multiple domain, non-amnestic MCI [naMCI]-single domain, and naMCI-multiple domain), considered the forerunners of dementia, using criteria proposed by Petersen (2004). The Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) was administered to 321 participants who complained of impairments in cognitive functions. The patients who were diagnosed for dementia, but whose symptoms were not consistent with MCI classification criteria or who were diagnosed for ‘clinical dementia rating 1’ were excluded. Following this, the data of 109 participants, including the four MCI subtype groups and the normal group, were used for analysis. The results showed that the aMCI-multiple domain group had a lower Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) copy score than the aMCI-single domain group, and no significant difference was found in memory area between both groups. The aMCI-single domain group showed a lower level of Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT) immediate recall than the naMCI-single domain group and no significant difference was found in non-memory area between both groups. The aMCI-multiple domain group showed a lower level of RCFT delayed recall than the naMCI-multiple domain group and no significant difference was found in non-memory area between both groups. The implications and limitations of the study and future research directions are also discussed.
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